Proboscidea (Elephants, Mammoths and Mastodons)

Family: †Deinotheriidae (Deinotheres)

Scientific Name	Author/s	Common Name	Last Record	Distribution	Status	Taxon Profile
Dinotherium australe	(Owen, 1843)	-	Late Pleistocene?	Australia	Invalid (synonym)	Access

Family: Elephantidae (Elephants and Mammoths)

Scientific Name	Author/s	Common Name	Last Record	Distribution	Status	Taxon Profile
Elephas antiquus	Falconer & Cautley, 1847	Straight-tusked elephant	c.48,000 BC	Europe	Extinct	Access

Elephas chaniensis	Symeonides, Theodorou and Giannopoulos, 2000	-	Late Pleistocene?	Crete, Greece	Extinct	Access

Elephas creticus	Bate, 1907	Cretan dwarf elephant	Late Pleistocene	Crete, Greece	Exinct	Access

Elephas creutzburgi	Kuss, 1965	Cretan dwarf elephant	?	Crete, Greece	Extinct	Access

Elephas cypriotes	Bate, 1903	Cyprus dwarf elephant	c.9,000 BC	Cyprus	Extinct	Access

Elephas falconeri	Busk, 1867	Sicilian pygmy elephant	?	Sicily, Italy	Extinct	Access

Elephas hysudricus	Falconer & Cautley, 1845	-	pre-Late Pleistocene?	India and the Levant	Extinct	Access

Elephas iolensis	Pomel, 1895	-	Late Pleistocene	Africa	Extinct	Access

Elephas kiangnanensis	Pei, 1987		Late Pleistocene	China	Extinct	Access

Elephas maximus asurus	Deraniyagala, 1951	Syrian elephant, Western Asiatic elephant	100 BC or before	Mesopotamia and Syria	Extinct	Access

Elephas maximus buski	Matsumoto, 1927	Honshu elephant, Busk's elephant	?	Honshu, Japan	Invalid (synonym)	Access

Elephas maximus rubridens	Deraniyagala, 1950	Chinese elephant	1300's BC	China	Extinct	Access

Elephas maximus sichiaoshanensis	Wang, 1978		Late Pleistocene	China	Extinct	Access

Elephas maximus sondaicus	Deraniyagala, 1953	Javan elephant	?	Java (=Jawa), Indonesia	Invalid?	Access

Elephas tiliensis	Theodorou et al. 2007	Tilos Island elephant, Tilos elephant	Mid- or Late Holocene	Tilos Island, Dodecanese Islands, Greece	Extinct	Access

Loxodonta africana pharaohensis	Deraniyagala, 1948	Northern elephant, North African forest elephant, Carthaginian elephant, Atlas elephant	Holocene	Eritrea & Sudan	Extinct	Access

Mammuthus columbi	Falconer, 1857	Columbian mammoth	10,710 ± 130 BP	Americas	Extinct	Access

Mammuthus exilis	Stock & Furlong, 1928	Channel Islands mammoth, Pygmy mammoth	c. 9,000 BC	Channel Islands (San Miguel, Santa Rosa, and Santa Cruz), California, USA	Extinct	Access

Mammuthus intermedius	Jourdan, 1861	Intermediate mammoth	Late Pleistocene	Russia	Extinct	Access

Mammuthus jeffersoni	Osborn, 1922	Jefferson mammoth	Late Pleistocene	North America	Extinct	Access

Mammuthus lamarmorae	Major, 1883	-	Late Pleistocene	Sardinia, Italy	Extinct	Access

Mammuthus primigenius liupanshanensis	Zhou & Zhang, 1974		Late Pleistocene	China	Extinct	Access

Mammuthus primigenius primigenius	Blumenbach, 1799	Woolly mammoth	Holocene	Eurasia and North America	Extinct	Access

Mammuthus sungari	Chow & Chang, 1959	Songhua River mammoth	Late Pleistocene	China	Extinct or invalid (synonym)	Access

Mammuthus trogontherii trogontherii	Pohlig, 1885	Steppe mammoth	Late Pleistocene	Eurasia	Extinct	Access

Mammuthus trogontherii chosaricus	Dubrovo, 1966	Khozarian steppe mammoth	Late Pleistocene	Siberia	Extinct or invalid	Access

Mammuthus sp. nov. 'Kotelny Island'	-	Golden mammoth	Late Pleistocene	Kotelny Island, Sakha Republic, Russia	Extinct	Access

Palaeoloxodon huaihoensis	Liu, 1977		Late Pleistocene	China	Extinct	Access

Palaeoloxodon lomolinoi	van der Geer et al. 2014	Naxos elephant	Late Pleistocene	Naxos, Greece	Extinct	Access

Palaeoloxodon mnaidriensis	(Adams, 1874)	-	Late Pleistocene	Malta & Sicily	Extinct	Access

Palaeoloxodon namadicus	Falconer & Cautley, 1846	Asian straight-tusked elephant	Late Pleistocene	India to Japan	Extinct	Access

Palaeoloxodon naumanni	Makiyama, 1924	Naumann's elephant	Late Pleistocene	Japan	Extinct	Access

Palaeoloxodon sp. nov. 'Astypálaia'	-	Astypálaia elephant	Late Pleistocene?	Astypálaia, Greece	Extinct	Access

Palaeoloxodon sp. nov. 'Favignana Island'	-	Favignana elephant	20,350–19,840 cal. yBP	Favignana Island, Aegadian Archipelago, western Sicily	Extinct	Access

Palaeoloxodon sp. nov. 'Kasos'	-	Kasos elephant	Late Pleistocene?	Kasos, Greece	Extinct	Access

Palaeoloxodon sp. nov. 'Rhodes'	-	Rhodes elephant	Late Pleistocene	Rhodes, Greece	Extinct	Access

Family: †Gomphotheriidae (Gompotheres)

Scientific Name	Author/s	Common Name	Last Record	Distribution	Status	Taxon Profile
Cuvieronius hyodon	Fischer, 1814	-	Late Pleistocene	Bolivia, Ecuador and Peru	Extinct	Access

Cuvieronius tropicus	Cope, 1884	Cuvier's gomphothere	Late Pleistocene	USA	Extinct	Access

Haplomastodon chimborazi	Proaño, 1922	-	Late Pleistocene	South America	Extinct if valid	Access

Notiomastodon platensis	(Ameghino, 1888)	-	early Holocene	South America	Extinct	Access

Stegomastodon superbus	Ameghino, 1888	-	Late Pleistocene	South America	Invalid (synonym)	Access

Stegomastodon waringi	Holland, 1920	-	Late Pleistocene or Holocene	Brazil	Extinct if valid	Access

Family: †Mammutidae (Mastodons)

Scientific Name	Author/s	Common Name	Last Record	Distribution	Status	Taxon Profile
Mammut americanum	Kerr, 1792	American mastodon	10,395 ± 100 yBP	Americas	Extinct	Access

Mammut pacificus	Dooley et al., 2019	Pacific mastodon	15.87ka ± 0.19 cal BP	California & south-eastern Idaho, USA	Extinct	Access

Family: †Stegodontidae (Stegodonts/Stegodons)

Scientific Name	Author/s	Common Name	Last Record	Distribution	Status	Taxon Profile
Stegodon florensis insularis	van den Bergh et al. 2008	Dwarf Flores stegodon	Late Pleistocene-Holocene border	Flores, Indonesia	Extinct	Access

Stegodon insignis	(Faloner and Cautley, 1846)	-	Late Pleistocene	India	Extinct	Access

Stegodon namadicus	Biswas & Dassarma, 1981		Late Pleistocene	India	Extinct	Access

Stegodon orientalis	Owen, 1870	Oriental stegodon	Holocene	Asia	Extinct	Access

Stegodon sumbaensis	Sartono, 1979	Sumba stegodon	Late Pleistocene	Sumba, Lesser Sunda Islands	Extinct	Access

Stegodon timorensis	Sartono, 1969	-	Late Pleistocene	Timor Island, East Nusa Tenggara	Extinct	Access

Stegodon trigonocephalus	Martin, 1887	-	Late Pleistocene	Indonesia	Extinct	Access

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