Bibliography on the Sixth Mass Extinction

The following list includes publications which have a significant extinction element to them. For further publications on extinction please refer to the individual species accounts in the database, as well as the Books section. If you know of any pertinent publication which deserves a listing please get in touch with me.

Peter Maas also lists many extinction related papers which are available free online over at his website.

Section 1. Conservation Biology

Previous Mass Extinctions

Bailey, Robin. (2024). Mass extinctions and their causes. GeologyToday 40(1): 21-28. https://doi.org/10.1111/gto.12460

General

Alroy, J. (2001). A multispecies overkill simulation of the end-Pleistocene megafaunal mass extinction. Science 292: 1893-1896.

Anonymous. (1997). Wildlife that are considered to be endangered, threatened, of special interest, extirpated, or extinct. Ohio Department of Natural Resources, Division of Wildlife Inservice Note 178: 1-9.

Barnosky, A. D. (2008). Megafauna biomass tradeoff as a driver of Quaternary and future extinctions. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 105: 11543-11548.

Barnosky, A. D., Koch, P. L., Feranec, R. S., Wing, S. L. and Shabel, A. B. (2004). Assessing the causes of late Pleistocene extinctions on the continents. Science 306: 70-75.

Brook, B., Bowman, D. M. J. S., Burney, D. A., Flannery, T. F., Gagan, M. K. et al. (2007). Would the Australian megafauna have become extinct if humans had never colonised the continent? Quaternary Science Reviews 26: 560-564.

Brook, B. W., Sodhi, N. S. and Bradshaw, C. J. A. (2008). Synergies among extinction drivers under global change. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 23: 453-460.

Cowie, Robert H., Bouchet, Philippe Bouchet and Fontaine, Benoît. (2022). The Sixth Mass Extinction: fact, fiction or speculation? Biological Reviews 97(2): 640-663. https://doi.org/10.1111/brv.12816

Diamond, Jared M. (1987). Extant unless proven extinct? Or, extinct unless proven extant? Conserv. Biol. 1(1): 77-79.

Dirzo, Rodolfo and Raven, Peter H. (2003). Global state of biodiversity and loss. Annu. Rev. Environ. Resour. 28: 137–67.

Ehrlich, Paul and Ehrlich, Anne. (1982). Extinction: the causes and consequences of the disappearance of species. London: Victor Gollancz.

Fisher, Diana O. and Blomberg, Simone P. (2012). Inferring Extinction of Mammals from Sighting Records, Threats, and Biological Traits. Conservation Biology 26(1): 57-67. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2011.01797.x

Greuter, W. (1995). Extinctions in Mediterranean areas, pp. 88-97. In: Lawton, J. H. and May, R. M. (eds.). Extinction Rates. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Gurevitch, J. and Padilla, D. K. (2004a). Are invasive species a major cause of extinctions? Trends in Ecology and Evolution 19(9): 470-474.

Gurevitch, J. and Padilla, D. K. (2004b). Response to Ricciardi. Assessing species invasions as a cause of extinction. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 19(12): 620.

Hanski, I. and Ovaskainen, O. (2002). Extinction debt at extinction threshold. Conservation Biology 16: 666-673.

Harrison, R. D. (2000). Repercussions of El Niño: drought causes of the extinction and the breakdown of mutualism in Borneo. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 267: 911-915.

Hobbs, R. J. and Mooney, H. A. (1998). Broadening the extinction debate: population deletions and additions in California and western Australia. Conservation Biology 12: 271-283.

Hockey, P. (2001). African island extinctions. Africa: Birds & Birding 6(2): 32-40.

Jablonski, D. (2001). Lessons from the past: evolutionary impacts of mass extinctions. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 98: 5393–5398.

Jablonski, D. and Chaloner, W. G. (1994). Extinctions in the fossil record. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B 344: 11–17.

Keith, David A. and Burgman, Mark A. (2004). The Lazarus effect: can the dynamics of extinct species lists tell us anything about the status of biodiversity? Biological Conservation 117: 41-48. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-3207(03)00261-1

Koch, P. L. and Barnosky, A. D. (2006). Late Quaternary extinctions: state of the debate. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics 37: 215–250.

Koh, L. P., Dunn, R. R., Sodhi, N. S., Colwell, R. K., Proctor, H. C., Smith, V. S. (2004). Species coextinctions and the biodiversity crisis.Science 305: 1632– 1634.

Leakey, Richard C. and Lewin, Roger. (1995). The Sixth Extinction: Patterns of Life and the Future of Humankind. New York: Anchor Books. 271 pp.

Liu, J., Slik, F., Zheng, S. and Lindenmayer, D. B. (2022). Undescribed species have higher extinction risk than known species. Conservation Letters e12876. https://doi.org/10.1111/conl.12876

MacPhee, R. D. E. (ed.). (1999). Extinctions in Near Time: Causes, Contexts, and Consequences. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum.

Myers, N. and Knoll, A. H. (2001). The biotic crisis and the future of evolution. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 98: 5389–5392.

Opler, P. A. (1977). The parade of passing species: a survey of extinctions in the U.S. The Science Teacher 44(1): ??-??.

Peters, S. E. and Foote, M. (2002). Determinants of extinction in the fossil record. Nature 416: 420-424.

Pimm, S. L., Jones, H. L. and Diamond, J. (1988). On the risk of extinction. American Naturalist 132: 757-785.

Regan, H. M., Lupia, R., Drinnan, A. N. and Burgman, M. A. (2001). The currency and tempo of extinction. American Naturalist 157: 1–10.

Ricciardi, A. (2004). Assessing species invasions as a cause of extinction. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 19(12): 619.

Ricciardi, A. and Rasmussen, J. B. (1999). Extinction rates of North American freshwater fauna. Conservation Biology 13(5): 1220-1222.

Roberts, David L., Elphick, Chris S. and Reed, J. Michael. (2009). Identifying Anomalous Reports of Putatively Extinct Species and Why It Matters. Conservation Biology 24(1): 189–196.

Thomas, C. D., Cameron, A., Green, R. E., Bakkenes, M., Beaumont, L. J. et al. (2004). Extinction risk from climate change. Nature 427: 145-148.

Botanic Gardens

Westwood M, Cavender N, Meyer A, Smith P. (2021). Botanic garden solutions to the plant extinction crisis. Plants, People, Planet 3: 22-32. https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp3.10134

Climate change

Román-Palacios, Cristianand and Wiens, John J. (2020). Recent responses to climate change reveal the drivers of species extinction and survival. PNAS. doi: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1913007117

Strona, Giovanni and Bradshaw, Corey J. A. (2022). Coextinctions dominate future vertebrate losses from climate and land use change. Science 8(50): eabn434. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abn4345

Co-Extinction

Strona, Giovanni and Bradshaw, Corey J. A. (2022). Coextinctions dominate future vertebrate losses from climate and land use change. Science 8(50): eabn434. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abn4345

Conservation Culturomics

Canavan, Susan, Doyle, David M., Kane, Adam, Nolan, Grace and Healy, Kevin. (2024). Trending extinctions: online interest in recently extinct animals. Animal Conservation. https://doi.org/10.1111/acv.12997

Deforestation

Brook, Barry W., Sodhi, N. and Ng, P. K. L. (2003). Catastrophic extinctions follow deforestation in Singapore. Nature 424: 420-423.

De-extinction

Allen, Jessica et al. (2020). De-Extinction, Regulation and Nature Conservation. Journal of Environmental Law 32(2): 309-322. [Abstract]

Genovesi, Piero and Simberloff, Daniel. (2020). “De-extinction” in conservation: Assessing risks of releasing “resurrected” species. Journal for Nature Conservation 56: 125838. [Abstract]

Katz, Eric. (2022). Is de-extinction a philosophical problem for conservation biology and environmental policy? Biological Conservation.

Rocchetti, Giulia Albani et al. (2022). A pragmatic and prudent consensus on the resurrection of extinct plant species using herbarium specimens. Taxon 71(1): 168-177. https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.12601

Definitions of key terms

Butchart, Stuart H. M., Stattersfield, A. J. and Brooks, T. M. (2006). Going or gone: defining ‘Possibly Extinct’ species to give a truer picture of recent extinctions. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club 126A: 7-24.

Tanswell, Fenner Stanley. (2022). The Concept of Extinction: Epistemology, Responsibility, and Precaution. Ethics, Policy & Environment. https://doi.org/10.1080/21550085.2022.2133937

Diseases

McCallum, Hamish, Foufopoulos, Johannes and Grogan, Laura F. (2024). Infectious disease as a driver of declines and extinctions. Cambridge Prisms: Extinction. https://doi.org/10.1017/ext.2024.1

Endlings

Jørgensen, Dolly. (2017). Immortality and Infinitude in the Anthropocene. Environmental Philosophy 14(1): 119-138. [Abstract]

Estimating current/past extinction rates

Boehm, Mannfred M. A. and Cronk, Quentin C. B. (2021). Dark extinction: the problem of unknown historical extinctions. Biol. Lett. 17: 20210007. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2021.0007

Pimm, S. L., Raven, R., Peterson, A. et al. (2006). Human impacts on the rates of recent, present, and future bird extinctions. PNAS 103: 10941-10946.

Smith, F. D. M., May, R. M., Pellew, R. et al. (1993). Estimating extinction rates. Nature 364: 494-496.

Stork, Nigel E. (2010). Re-assessing current extinction rates. Biodiversity and Conservation 19: 357-371. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-009-9761-9

Stork, Nigel E. and Lyal. C. H. C. (1993) Extinction or ‘co-extinction’ rates? Nature 366: 307.

Extinct populations

Bro-Jørgensen, Maiken Hemme et al. (2021). Genomic insights on the extinct Baltic harp seal population. Preprint available from: https://www.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2%3A1520010&dswid=1670

Ewers, Christine et al. (2024). The ghost of oysters past: museomics reveals isolation, low diversity and adaptive signatures of an extinct oyster population. ResearchSquare preprint. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3873137/v1

Glykou, Aikaterini et al. (2021). Reconstructing the ecological history of the extinct harp seal population of the Baltic Sea. Quaternary Science Reviews 251: 106701.

Hayer, Sarah et al. (2021). Phylogeography in an “oyster” shell provides first insights into the genetic structure of an extinct Ostrea edulis population. Scientific Reports 11: 2307.

Izverscaia, Tatiana et al. (2022). Extinct species of the Caryophyllaceae Juss. family in the spontaneous flora of Republic of Moldova. Journal of Botany 14(1): 21-33. http://dx.doi.org/10.52240/1857-2367.2022.1(24).05

Maurer, G., Russell, D. G. D., Woog, F. and Cassey, P. (2010). The eggs of the extinct Egyptian population of White-tailed Eagle Haliaeetus albicilla. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club 130(3): 208-214.

Rosche, Christoph et al. (2022). Tracking population genetic signatures of local extinction with herbarium specimens. Annals of Botany 129(7): 857-868. https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcac061

van Daele, P. and Leonard, P. M. (2001). The status of Great Crested Grebes Podiceps cristatus in Zambia. Zambia Bird Rep. 1999: 88-90. [very few left, if not already extinct]

Future extinction rates

Tedesco, Pablo A. et al. (2013). A scenario for impacts of water availability loss due toclimate change on riverine ﬁsh extinction rates. Journal of Applied Ecology 50(5): 1105-1115. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12125

Inferring/declaring extinction

Black, Simon A. (2020). Assessing Presence, Decline, and Extinction for the Conservation of Difficult-to-Observe Species, pp. 359-392. In: Angelici F., Rossi L. (eds.). Problematic Wildlife II. Cham: Springer.

Fisher, Diana O. and Humphreys, Aelys M. (2024). Evidence for modern extinction in plants and animals. Biological Conservation 298: 110772. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2024.110772

Keith, D.A., Butchart S. H. M., Regan, H. M., Collen, B., Harrison, I., Solow, A. R. and Burgman, M. A. (2017). Inferring extinctions I: a structured method using information on threats. Biological Conservation 214: 320-327.

Lee, T. E., Fisher, D. O., Blomberg, S. P. and Wintle, B. A. (2017). Extinct or still out there? Disentangling influences on extinction and rediscovery helps to clarify the fate of species on the edge. Global Change Biology 23(2): 621-634. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13421

McCrea, R. S., Cheale, T., Campillo-Funollet, E. and Roberts, D. L. (2024). Inferring species extinction from sighting dataInferring species extinction from sighting data. Cambridge Prisms: Extinction 2: e19. https://doi.org/10.1017/ext.2024.18

Roberts, David L. and Jarić, Ivan. (2020). Inferring the extinction of species known only from a single specimen. Oryx 54(2): 161-166. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0030605319000590

Roberts, David L., Hinsley, Amy, Fiennes, Sicily and Veríssimo, Diogo. (2022). Understanding the drivers of expert opinion when classifying species as extinct. Conservation Biology. https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.14001

Thompson, C. J., Koshkina, V., Burgman, M. A., Butchart, S. H. M. and Stone, L. (2017). Inferring extinctions II: an iterative model based on records and surveys. Biological Conservation 214: 328-335.

Butchart, S. H. M.; Collar, N. J.; Crosby, M. J. and Tobias, J. A. (2005). Asian enigmas: Lost and poorly known birds: targets for birders in Asia. Birding Asia 3: 41-49.

Evans, Thomas, Lindken, Tim, Anderson, Christopher V., Ariano-Sánchez, Daniel, Barki, Goni, Biggs, Christina, Bowles, Philip, Chaitanya, Ramamoorthi, Cronin, Drew T., Jähnig, Sonja C., Jeschke, Jonathan M., Kennerley, Rosalind J., Lacher, Thomas E. Jr., Luedtke, Jennifer A., Liu, Chunlong, Long, Barney, Mallon, David, Martin, Gabriel M., Meiri, Shai, Pasachnik, Stesha A., Reynoso, Victor Hugo, Stanford, Craig B., Stephenson, P. J., Tolley, Krystal A., Torres-Carvajal, Omar, Waldien, David L. and Woinarski, John C. Z. (2024). What factors influence the rediscovery of lost tetrapod species? Appendix E: Lost and rediscovered species [Dataset]. Dryad. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.v6wwpzh31

Lindken, Tim, Anderson, Christopher V., Ariano-Sánchez, Daniel, Barki, Goni, Biggs, Christina, Bowles, Philip, Chaitanya, Ramamoorthi, Cronin, Drew T., Jähnig, Sonja C., Jeschke, Jonathan M., Kennerley, Rosalind J., Lacher, Thomas E. Jr., Luedtke, Jennifer A., Liu, Chunlong, Long, Barney, Mallon, David, Martin, Gabriel M., Meiri, Shai, Pasachnik, Stesha A., Reynoso, Victor Hugo, Stanford, Craig B., Stephenson, P. J., Tolley, Krystal A., Torres-Carvajal, Omar, Waldien, David L., Woinarski, John C. Z. and Evans, Thomas. (2024). What factors influence the rediscovery of lost tetrapod species? Global Change Biology 30(1): e17107. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.17107 [Supporting Information (Appendices A-D); see Evans et al., 2024 for Appendix E (Lost and rediscovered species)]

Long, Barney and Rodríguez, Jon Paul. (2022). Lost but not forgotten: a new nomenclature to support a call to rediscover and conserve lost species. Oryx 56(4): 481-482. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0030605322000618

Martin, Thomas E., Bennett, Gareth C., Fairbairn, Andrew J. and Mooers, A. Ø. (2023). ‘Lost’ taxa and their conservation implications. Animal Conservation 26(1): 14-24. https://doi.org/10.1111/acv.12788 [Appendix S2 (1617 taxa not seen >10 years); Appendix S3 (562 taxa not seen >50 years)]

Tobias, Joseph A., Butchart, Stuart H. M. and Collar, Nigel J. (2006). Lost and found: a gap analysis for the Neotropical avifauna. Neotropical Birding 2006: 4-22.

Mathematical models

Collen, Ben and Turvey, Samuel T. (2009). Probabilistic methods for determining extinction chronologies, pp. 181-192. In: Turvey, Samuel T. (ed.). Holocene Extinctions. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199535095.003.0009

Fisher, Diana O. and Humphreys, Aelys M. (2024). Evidence for modern extinction in plants and animals. Biological Conservation 298: 110772. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2024.110772

Quantifying extinction risk

Garnett, Stephen T., Hayward-Brown, Brittany K. et al. (2022). Australia's most imperilled vertebrates. Biological Conservation 270: 109561. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109561

Geyle, Hayley M. et al. (2021). Reptiles on the brink: identifying the Australian terrestrial snake and lizard species most at risk of extinction. Pacific Conservation Biology 27: 3-12.
https://doi.org/10.1071/PC20033

Régnier, Claire et al. (2015). Mass extinction in poorly known taxa. PNAS 112(25): 7761-7766. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1502350112

Rediscovery

Balchon, C. (2007). Back from the dead! A potpourri of recent rediscoveries in the Neotropics. Neotropical Birding 2: 4-11.

Chong, K. Y., Lee, S. M., Gwee, A. T., Leong, P. K., Ahmad, S., Ang, W. F., Lok, A. F., Yeo, C. K., Corlett, R. T. and Tan, H. T. (2012). Herbarium records do not predict rediscovery of presumed nationally extinct species. Biodiversity and Conservation 21: 2589-2599.

Crowley, B. (2011). Extinction and rediscovery: where the wild things are. Journal of Biogeography 38: 1633-1634.

Dawson, M. R., Marivaux, L., Li, C. K., Beard, K. C. and Metais, G. (2006). Laonastes and the “Lazarus effect’’ in recent mammals. Science 311: 1456-1458

Echternacht, L., Trovó, M. and Sano, P. T. (2010). Rediscoveries in Eriocaulaceae: seven narrowly distributed taxa from the Espinhaço Range in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Feddes Repertorium 121(3-4): 117-126. https://doi.org/10.1002/fedr.201000008

Fisher, Diana O. (2011a). Trajectories from extinction: where are missing mammals rediscovered? Global Ecology & Biogeography 20: 415-425. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1466-8238.2010.00624.x [Appendix S1]

Fisher, Diana O. (2011b). Cost, effort and outcome of mammal rediscovery: neglect of small species. Biological Conservation 144: 1712-1718.

Fisher, Diana O. and Blomberg, Simone Phillipa. (2011). Correlates of rediscovery and the detectability of extinction in mammals. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 278(1708): 1090-1097.

Ladle, Richard J. et al. (2011). The causes and biogeographical significance of species rediscovery. Frontiers of Biogeography 3(3): 104-111.

Scheffers, Brett R., Yong, Ding Li, Harris, J. Berton C., Giam, Xingli and Sodhi, Navjot S. (2011). The world’s rediscovered species: back from the brink? PLoS ONE 6(7): e22531. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022531 [Supporting Information (Table S1)]

Watson, David M. and Davis, Robert A. (2017). Hopeful Monsters—In Defense of Quests to Rediscover Long-Lost Species. Conservation Letters 10(4): 382-383. https://doi.org/10.1111/conl.12386

Zablocki, John, Arora, Siddharth and Barua, Mann. (2016). Factors affecting media coverage of species rediscoveries. Conservation Biology 30(4): 914-917. https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.12683

Romeo Error

Collar, Nigel J. (1998). Extinction by assumption; or, the Romeo Error on Cebu. Oryx 32: 239-244.

Penedo, Thiago Serrano de Almeida et al. (2015). Considerations on extinct species of Brazilian flora. Rodriguésia 66(3): 711-715. https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860201566304

Social extinction

Jarić, I., Roll, U., Bonaiuto, M., Brook, B. W., Courchamp, F., Firth, J. A., Gaston, K. J., Heger, T., Jeschke, J. M., Ladle, R. J. et al. (2022). Societal extinction of species. Trends Ecol Evol. 37(5): 411-419.

Ladle, Richad J. et al. (2023). Biocultural aspects of species extinctions. Cambridge Prisms: Extinction. https://doi.org/10.1017/ext.2023.20

Terminology

Linke, Lily and Clements, Christopher F. (2024). A Sixth Mass Extinction? How Linguistic Uncertainty Shapes Our Understanding of the Biodiversity Crisis. Ecology and Evolution 14(12): e70653.
https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.70653

Turton-Hughes, S., Holmes, G. and Hassall, C. (2024). The diversity of ignorance and the ignorance of diversity: origins and implications of “shadow diversity” for conservation biology and extinction. Cambridge Prisms: Extinction 2: e18. https://doi.org/10.1017/ext.2024.21

Section 2. Plant and Animal Groups

Amphibians

Honegger, R. E. (1981). List of amphibians and reptiles either known or thought to have become extinct since 1600. Biol. Conserv. 19: 141-158.

Regalado, Pedro Galán. (2015). Los Anfibios y Reptiles Extinguidos: Herpetofauna Desaparecida Desde el Año 1500. Monografías de la Universidade da Coruña 155: 1-509 pp.

Stuart, Simon N. et al. (2004). Status and Trends of Amphibian Declines and Extinctions Worldwide. Sciencexpress, 14 October, pp. 1-5.

Wake, D. B. and Vredenburg, V. T. (2008). Are we in the midst of the sixth mass extinction? A view from the world of amphibians. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 105: 11466-11473.

Arachnids

Sullivan, Gregory T. and Ozman-Sullivan, Sebahat K. (2021). Alarming evidence of widespread mite extinctions in the shadows of plant, insect and vertebrate extinctions. Austral Ecology 46(1): 163-176. https://doi.org/10.1111/aec.12932

Birds

Barnosky, A. D., Koch, P. L., Feranec, R. S., Wing, S. L. and Shabel, A. B. (2004). Assessing the causes of Late Pleistocene extinctions on thecontinents. Science 306: 70–75.

Benson, C.W. (1972). Skins of extinct or nearly extinct birds in Cambridge. Bull. Brit. Orn. Club 92: 59-58.

Boev, Z. (2003). Specimens of extinct and threatened birds in the collections of the National Museum of Natural History in Sofía, Bulgaria.Bull. Brit. Orn. Club 123A: 234-245.

Boyer, AG. (2008). Extinction patterns in the avifauna of the Hawaiian islands. Diversity and Distributions 14: 509-517.

Butchart, Stuart. (2007). Birds to find: a review of 'lost', obscure and poorly known African bird species. Bulletin of the African Bird Club 14(2): 139-157.

Butchart, Stuart H. M.; Collar, N. J.; Crosby, M. J. & Tobias, J. A. (2005). Asian enigmas: Lost and poorly known birds: targets for birders in Asia. Birding Asia 3: 41-49.

Butchart, Stuart H. M., Lowe, Stephen, Martin, Rob W., Symes, Andy, Westrip, James R. S. and Wheatley, Hannah. (2018a). Which bird species have gone extinct? A novel quantitative classification approach. Biological Conservation 227: 9-18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2018.08.014

Butchart, Stuart H. M., Stattersfield, Alison J. and Brooks, T. M. (2006a). Going or gone: defining 'Possibly Extinct' species to give a truer picture of recent extinctions. Bull. Brit. Orn. Club. 126 Suppl. 7-24.

Butchart, Stuart H. M., Stattersfield, Alison J. and Collar, Nigel J. (2006b). How many bird extinctions have we prevented? Oryx 40(3): 266-278.

Butchart, Stuart H. M., Wheatley, Hannah, Lowe, Stephen, Westrip, James R. S., Symes, Andy and Martin, Rob W. (2018b). Data for: Which bird species have gone extinct? A novel quantitative classification approach. Mendeley Data, V1, doi: 10.17632/vvjhpmyxb4.1

Cheke, A. (2001). Booby Sula colonies in the Mascarene area (Indian Ocean): extinctions, myths and colour morphs. Bull. Br. Orn. Club 121: 71-80.

Cooke, Rob, Sayol, Ferran, Andermann, Tobias, Blackburn, Tim M., Steinbauer, Manuel J., Antonelli, Alexandre and Faurby, Søren. (2023). Undiscovered bird extinctions obscure the true magnitude of human-driven extinction waves. Nature Communications 14: 8116. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-43445-2

Dean, W. R. J. and Bond, W. J. (1994). Apparent avian extinctions from islands in a man-made lake, South Africa. Ostrich 65: 7-13.

Duncan, Richard P., Boyer, Alison G. and Blackburn, Tim M. (2013). Magnitude and variation of prehistoric bird extinctions in the Pacific. PNAS March 25, 2013. doi:10.1073/pnas.1216511110 [Abstract]

Ehrlich, Paul R., Dobkin, David S. and Wheye, Darryl. (1992). Birds in Jeopardy: The Imperiled and Extinct Birds of the United States and Canada, Including Hawaii and Puerto Rico. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press. 259 pp. [hardback & softcover versions]

Fisher, C. T. (1981). Specimens of extinct, endangered or rare birds in the Merseyside County Museums, Liverpool. Bull. Brit. Orn. Club 101: 276-285.

Fromm, Amir and Meiri, Shai. (2021). Big, flightless, insular and dead: Characterising the extinct birds of the Quaternary. Journal of Biogeography 48: 2350-2359.

Fuller, Errol. (1987). Extinct Birds. London: Viking/Rainbird. 256 pp.

Fuller, Errol. (1988). Extinct Birds. New York: Facts on File Publications. 256 pp.

Fuller, Errol. (2000). Extinct Birds. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Greenway, James C. Jnr. (1958). Extinct and vanishing birds of the world. Special Publication 13. American Committee for International Wild Life Protection. New York, USA.

Greenway, James C. Jnr. (1967). Extinct and vanishing birds of the world, second edition. American Committee for International WildLife Protection, Special Publication no 13, 2nd edn. New York: Dover Publications.

Günther, A. and Newton, E. (1879). The extinct birds of Rodriguez. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Societyof London 168 (extra vol.): 423–437.

Hille, S. and Thiollay, J. M. (2000). The imminent extinction of the Kites Milvus milvus fasciicauda and M. m. migrans on the Cape Verde Islands. Bird Cons. Int. 10: 361-369.

Holdaway, Richard N., Worthy, Trevor H. and Tennyson, Alan J. D. (2001). A working list of breeding bird species of the New Zealand region at first human contact. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 28(2): 119-187.

Howes, C.A. (1969). A survey of extinct and nearly extinct birds in the Royal Albert Memorial Museum, Exeter. Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl. 89, 89-92.

Hume, Julian Pender. (2017). Extinct Birds (2nd ed.). London: Helm.

Hume, Julian Pender and van Grouw, Hein. (2014). Colour aberrations in extinct and endangered birds. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club 134(3): 168-193.

Hume, Julian Pender and Walters, Michael. (2012). Extinct Birds. London: T & AD Poyser. 544 pp.

Inchausti, P. and Weimerskich, H. (2001). Risks of decline and extinction of the endangered Amsterdam Albatross and the projected impact of longline fisheries. Biol. Conserv. 100: 377-386.

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Fish

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Fungi

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Hydrozoans

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Insects

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Mammals

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Marine

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Molluscs

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Plants

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Maunder, Mike, Higgens, Sarah and Culham, Alastair. (1998). Neither common nor garden: The garden as a refuge for threatened plant species. Curtis's Botanical Magazine 15(2): 124-132. [Abstract]

Nayar, M. P. and Sastry, A. R. K. (compilers). (1987, reprinted 2000). Red Data Book of Indian Plants. Volume 1. Calcutta: Botanical Survey of India. xiii + 367 pp, 16 pls, figs.

Nayar, M. P. and Sastry, A. R. K. (compilers). (1988, reprinted 2000). Red Data Book of Indian Plants. Volume 2. Calcutta: Botanical Survey of India. 268 pp.

Nayar, M. P. and Sastry, A. R. K. (eds.). (1990, reprinted 2000). Red Data Book of Indian Plants. Volume 3. Calcutta: Botanical Survey of India. 271 pp. Illus., col. illus.

Penedo, Thiago Serrano de Almeida et al. (2015). Considerations on extinct species of Brazilian flora. Rodriguésia 66(3): 711-715. https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860201566304

Prebble, Matthew and Dowe, John L. (2008). The late Quaternary decline and extinction of palms on Pacific islands. Quaternary Science Reviews 27(27-28): 2546-2567. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2008.09.015

Rao, C. Kameswara, Geetha, B. L. and Suresh, Geetha. (2003). Red List of Threatened Vascular Plant Species in India: Compiled from the 1997 IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants. ENVIS Centre on Floral Diversity, Botanical Survey of India, Kolkata. xxiv + 144 pp.

Rejmánek, Marcel. (2018). Vascular plant extinctions in California: A critical assessment. Diversity and Distributions 24(1): 129-136.

Roberts, David L. and Jarić, Ivan. (2020). Inferring the extinction of species known only from a single specimen. Oryx 54(2): 161-166.

Le Roux, Johannes J., Hui, C., Castillo, M. L., Iriondo, J. M., Keet, J.-H., Khapugin, A. A., Médail, F., Rejmánek, M., Theron, G. Yannelli, F. A. and Hirsch, H. (2019). Recent Anthropogenic Plant Extinctions Differ in Biodiversity Hotspots and Coldspots. Current Biology 29(17): 2912-2918.e2. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2019.07.063 [Supplemental Information: Table S1 (dataset)]

Silcock, Jen L., Field, Ashley R., Walsh, Neville G. and Fensham, Roderick J. (2019). To name those lost: assessing extinction likelihood in the Australian vascular flora. Oryx 54(2): 167-177. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0030605318001357 [Supplementary Material]

Smith, James P., jnr. (2018). California vascular plants: are some of them still out there? Botanical Studies 74: 1-4.

Srivastava, R. C., Lakshminarasimhan, P., Arisdason, W. and Sardesai, M. M. (2015). Angiosperms of India known only by type collection. Journal of Threatened Taxa 7(8): 7465-7470. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/JoTT.o3723.7465-70

Vorontsova, M. S., Lowry, P. P. II, Andriambololonera, S. R., et al. (2020). Inequality in plant diversity knowledge and unrecorded plant extinctions: An example from the grasses of Madagascar. Plants, People, Planet. DOI: 10.1002/ppp3.10123

Walter, Kerry S. and Gillett, Harriet J. (eds.). (1998). 1997 IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants. Compiled by the World Conservation Monitoring Centre. Gland, Switzerland & Cambridge, UK: IUCN – The World Conservation Union. lxiv + 862 pp.

Wood, Kenneth R., Oppenheimer, Hank and Keir, Matthew. (2019). A checklist of endemic Hawaiian vascular plant taxa that are considered possibly extinct in the wild. National Tropical Botanical Garden, Technical Report #314.

Reptiles

Honegger, R. E. (1981). List of amphibians and reptiles either known or thought to have become extinct since 1600. Biol. Conserv. 19: 141-158.

McCallum, Malcolm L. (2021). Turtle biodiversity losses suggest coming sixth mass extinction. Biodiversity and Conservation. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-021-02140-8 [Abstract]

Meiril, Shai et al. (2018). Extinct, obscure or imaginary: The lizard species with the smallest ranges. Diversity and Distributions 24(2): 262-273. [Abstract]

Raxworthy, Christopher J. and Nussbaum, Ronald A. (2000). Extinction and extinction vulnerability of amphibians and reptiles in Madagascar. Amphibian and Reptile Conservation 2(1):15-23.

Regalado, Pedro Galán. (2015). Los Anfibios y Reptiles Extinguidos: Herpetofauna Desaparecida Desde el Año 1500. Monografías de la Universidade da Coruña 155: 1-509 pp.

Other

Dunn, Robert R. (2002). On parasites lost. Wild Earth 12: 28-31.

Section 3. Geography

Australia

Hartley, W. and Leigh, John H. (1979). Plants at Risk in Australia. Australian National Parks and Wildlife Service Occasional Paper No. 3. Canberra: Commonwealth of Australia. 80 pp.

Leigh, John H., Boden, Robert and Briggs, John D. (1984). Extinct and Endangered Plants of Australia. South Melbourne, Victoria: The Macmillan Company of Australia Pty Ltd. viii + 369 pp.

Woinarski, J. C. Z. et al. (2019). Reading the black book: The number, timing, distribution and causes of listed extinctions in Australia. Biological Conservation 239: 108261.

Western Australia

Atkins, K. (2003). Declared Rare and Priority Flora List for Western Australia. Perth: Department of Environment and Conservation.

Atkins, K. (2008). Declared Rare and Priority Flora List for Western Australia. Perth: Department of Environment and Conservation.

Brazil

Penedo, Thiago Serrano de Almeida et al. (2015). Considerations on extinct species of Brazilian flora. Rodriguésia 66(3): 711-715. https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860201566304

Canada

Knapp, Wesley M. et al. (2020). Vascular plant extinction in the continental United States and Canada. Conservation Biology. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.13621

India

Jain, S. K. and Sastry, A. R. K. (compilers). (1984). The Indian Plant Red Data Book-I. Howrah: Botanical Survey of India. iv + 162 pp.

Nayar, M. P. and Sastry, A. R. K. (compilers). (1987, reprinted 2000). Red Data Book of Indian Plants. Volume 1. Calcutta: Botanical Survey of India. xiii + 367 pp, 16 pls, figs.

Nayar, M. P. and Sastry, A. R. K. (compilers). (1988, reprinted 2000). Red Data Book of Indian Plants. Volume 2. Calcutta: Botanical Survey of India. 268 pp.

Nayar, M. P. and Sastry, A. R. K. (eds.). (1990, reprinted 2000). Red Data Book of Indian Plants. Volume 3. Calcutta: Botanical Survey of India. 271 pp. Illus., col. illus.

Madagascar

Dewar, R. E. (1984). Recent extinctions in Madagascar: The loss of the subfossil fauna, pp. 574-593. In: Martin, P. S., and Klein, R. G. (eds.). Quaternary Extinctions: A Prehistoric Revolution, Phoenix, Arizona: University of Arizona Press.

Roberts, David L. and Jarić, Ivan. (2020). Inferring the extinction of species known only from a single specimen. Oryx 54(2): 161-166.

Mexico

Contreras-Balderas, Salvador et al. (2003). Freshwater ﬁsh at risk or extinct in Mexico: A checklist and review. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries 12: 241-251.

Spain

Aedo, C., Medina, L., Barberá, P. and Fernández-Albert, M. (2015). Extinctions of vascular plants in Spain. Nordic Journal of Botany 33(1): 83-100. https://doi.org/10.1111/njb.00575

USA

California

Rejmánek, Marcel. (2018). Vascular plant extinctions in California: A critical assessment. Diversity and Distributions 24(1): 129-136.

Smith, James P., jnr. (2018). California vascular plants: are some of them still out there? Botanical Studies 74: 1-4.

Hawaii

Oregon

Kagan, Jimmy and Vrilakas, Susan. (1993). Extinct and Extirpated Plants from Oregon. Kalmiopsis [1993]: 12-16.

Bibliography on the Sixth Mass Extinction

Section 1. Conservation Biology

Previous Mass Extinctions

General

Botanic Gardens

Climate change

Co-Extinction

Conservation Culturomics

Deforestation

De-extinction

Definitions of key terms

Diseases

Endlings

Estimating current/past extinction rates

Extinct populations

Future extinction rates

Inferring/declaring extinction

Introduced Rodents

Local Extinctions

Lost taxa

Mathematical models

Quantifying extinction risk

Rediscovery

Romeo Error

Social extinction

Terminology

Section 2. Plant and Animal Groups

Amphibians

Arachnids

Birds

Fish

Fungi

Hydrozoans

Insects

Mammals

Marine

Molluscs

Plants

Reptiles

Other

Section 3. Geography

Australia

Brazil

Canada

India

Madagascar

Mexico

Spain

USA