Elephas tiliensis Theodorou et al., 2007
Tilos Island elephant (proposed), Tilos elephant (proposed)
Taxonomy & Nomenclature
Conservation Status
Extinct
Last record: "the second half of the Holocene" (Theodorou et al., 2007)
Distribution
Tilos Island, Dodecanese Islands, Greece
Biology
Hypodigm
Media
References
Original scientific description:
Theodorou, G., Symeonidis, N. and Stathopoulou, E. (2007). Elephas tiliensis n. sp. from Tilos island (Dodecanese, Greece). Hellenic Journal of Geosciences 42: 19-32.
Other references:
Agiadi, K. (2001). Comparative observations on fossil tusks from three Quaternary Greek localities using scanning electron microscopy, pp. 523-528. In: Cavarretta, C., Gioia, P., Mussi, M. and Palombo, M. R. (eds.). The World of Elephants – International Congress, Rome. Proceedings of the 1st international congress – Consiglio nazionale delle ricerche, Rome. [automatic download]
AGlADI, K. & THEODOROU, G. 2005. Tusk Paleohistology as a tool in the discrimination of fossil tusks from Greece. In ALCOVER, l.A. &
BOVER, P. (eds.): Proceedings of the International Symposium "Insular Vertebrate Evolution: the Palaeontological Approach': Monografies
de la Societat d'Història Natural de les Balears 12: 1-8.
Alcover, J.A., Campillo, X., Macias, M. & Sans, A. 1998. Mammal Species of the World: Additional data on Insular Mammals. American Museum Novitates 3248: 1-29.
Ambrosetti, P. 1968. The Pleistocene dwarf elephants of Spinagallo (Siracusa, South-Eastern Sicily). Geol. Rom. 1: 217-229.
Athanassiou, Athanassios, van der Geer, Alexandra and Lyras, George A. (2019). Pleistocene insular Proboscidea of the Eastern Mediterranean: A review and update. Quaternary Science Reviews 218: 306-321. [Abstract]
Bachmayer, F. & Symeonidis, N. 1975. Eigenartige Abspaltungen von Stosszähnen der Zwergelefanten aus der Höhle “Charkadio” auf der Insel Tilos - Artefakte?. Annales Géologiques des Pays Hélleniques 26: 320-323.
Bachmayer, F., Symeonidis, N., Seeman, R. & Zapfe, H., 1976. Die Ausgrabungen in der Zwergelefanten “Charkadio” auf der Insel Tilos (Dodekanes, Griechenland) in den Jahren 1974 und 1975. Ann. Naturhistor. Mus. Wien 80: 113-144.
Joger, U. and Garrido, G. (2001). Phylogenetic position of [i]Elephas[/i], [i]Loxodonta[/i] and [i]Mammuthus[/i], based on molecular evidence, pp. 544-547. In: Cavarretta, C., Gioia, P., Mussi, M. and Palombo, M. R. (eds.). The World of Elephants – International Congress, Rome. Proceedings of the 1st international congress – Consiglio nazionale delle ricerche, Rome. [automatic download]
Liakopoulou, D., van Heteren, A. H. and Theodorou, G. (2017). The inner morphology of petrosal bone of insular mammal: Elephas tiliensis, with the use of micro CT, pp 113. In: Book of Abstracts of the 15th Congress of the RCMNS (Regional Committee on Mediterranean Neogene Stratigraphy), entitled “Exploring a “physical laboratory”: the Mediterranean Basin”, Crown Plaza Hotel, Athens, Greece, September 3-6, 2017.
Masseti, M. (2001). Did endemic dwarf elephants survive on Mediterranean islands up to protohistorical times?, pp. 402-406. In: Cavarretta, C., Gioia, P., Mussi, M. and Palombo, M. R. (eds.). The World of Elephants – International Congress, Rome. Proceedings of the 1st international congress – Consiglio nazionale delle ricerche, Rome. [automatic download]
Christopher G. Provatidis, Evangelos G.Theodorou and George E. Theodorou. (2011). Computed tomography and CAD/CAE methods for the study of the osseus inner ear bone of Greek Quaternary endemic mammals. Mediterranean Archaeology and Archaeometry 11(2): 121‐127.
Stathopoulou, E. T. and Theodorou, G. E. (2001). Observations on the diagenesis of dwarf elephant skeletal remains from the island of Tilos (Dodekanese, Greece), pp. 557-562. In: Cavarretta, C., Gioia, P., Mussi, M. and Palombo, M. R. (eds.). The World of Elephants – International Congress, Rome. Proceedings of the 1st international congress – Consiglio nazionale delle ricerche, Rome. [automatic download]
Symeonidis NK, Bachmayer F, and Zapfe H (1973). Grabungen in der Zwergelefanten-Höhle ‘Charkadio’ auf der Insel Tilos (Dodekanes, Griechenland). Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums Wien 77, 133-139.
Theodorou, G. E. 1983. Die fossilen Zwergelefanetn der Höhle “Charkadio” auf der Insel Tilos. Athens: Dodekanes. Dissertation Univ.
Theodorou, G. E. 1988. Environmental factors affecting the evolution of island endemics: the Tilos example from Greece. Modern Geology 13: 183-188.
Theodorou, G. E. and Agiadi, K. (2001). Observations on the microstructure of fossil tusks from the Charkadio cave (Tilos, Dodekanese, Greece), pp. 563-567. In: Cavarretta, C., Gioia, P., Mussi, M. and Palombo, M. R. (eds.). The World of Elephants – International Congress, Rome. Proceedings of the 1st international congress – Consiglio nazionale delle ricerche, Rome. [automatic download]
Theodorou, G. E. and Symeonides, N. K. (2001). The excavations of the last ten years at Charkadio cave on Tilos Island, Dodekanese, Greece, pp. 514-518. In: Cavarretta, C., Gioia, P., Mussi, M. and Palombo, M. R. (eds.). The World of Elephants – International Congress, Rome. Proceedings of the 1st international congress – Consiglio nazionale delle ricerche, Rome. [automatic download]
Turvey, Samuel T. (2009). In the shadow of the megafauna: prehistoric mammal and bird extinctions across the Holocene, pp. 17-39. In: Turvey, Samuel T. (ed.). Holocene Extinctions. New York: Oxford University Press.
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