Clicky

Mammuthus trogontherii trogontherii (Pohlig, 1885)

Steppe mammoth

 

 

Taxonomy & Nomenclature

Synonym/s: Elephas trogontherii Pohl, 1885

 

Multiple subspecies have been described.

 

Conservation Status

Extinct

Last record: Late Pleistocene (Larramendi, 2015)

 

Distribution

Eurasia

 

Biology & Ecology

 

 

Hypodigm

 

 

Media

 

 

References

Original scientific description:

Pohlig, H. (1885). Über eine Hipparionen-Fauna von Maragha in Nord-Persien, über fossile Elephantenreste Kaukasiens und Persiens und über die Resultate einer Monographie der fossilen Elephanten Deutschlands und Italien. Zeitschrift der deutschen geologischen Gesellschaft, Berlin 37 (4): 1022-1027.

 

Other references:

Adams, A.L. 1881. Monograph on the British Fossil Elephants. Volume 3. 265 pp. The Palaeontographical Society, London.

Agostini, S., Di Canzio, E. and Rossi, M. A. (2001). Abruzzo (Italy): the Plio-Pleistocene proboscidean-bearing sites, pp. 163-166. In: Cavarretta, C., Gioia, P., Mussi, M. and Palombo, M. R. (eds.). The World of Elephants – International Congress, Rome. Proceedings of the 1st international congress – Consiglio nazionale delle ricerche, Rome. [automatic download]

Athanassiou, A. 2011. A skeleton of Mammuthus trogontherii (Proboscidea, Elephantidae) from NW Peloponnese, Greece. Quaternary International 255: 9-28.

Athanassiou, Athanassios. (2022). The Fossil Record of Continental Elephants and Mammoths (Mammalia: Proboscidea: Elephantidae) in Greece, pp. 345-391. In: Vlachos, E. (eds.). Fossil Vertebrates of Greece Vol. 1. Cham: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-68398-6_13

Bajgusheva, Vera S. (2001). Elephants from the delta of paleo-Don river, pp. 172-175. In: Cavarretta, C., Gioia, P., Mussi, M. and Palombo, M. R. (eds.). The World of Elephants – International Congress, Rome. Proceedings of the 1st international congress – Consiglio nazionale delle ricerche, Rome. [automatic download]

Bajgusheva, Vera S., Matishov, Gennadiy G. and Titov, Vadim V. (2018). The skull of young Mammuthus trogontherii (Pohlig, 1885) from the early Middle Pleistocene of the north-eastern Sea of Azov Region. Russian Journal of Theriology 17(2): 61-67.

Bajgusheva, Vera S., V.V. Titov. 2010. Postcranial skeleton properties of Mammuthus trogontherii from the Sea of Azov region. In Materials of 4 international mammoth conference, Yakutsk, eds. P. Lazarev, G. Boeskorov, E. Maschenko, 17–23.

Bajgusheva, Vera S., V.E. Garutt, and Galina I. Timonina. 2011. Two skeletons of Mammuthus trogontherii from the Sea of Azov region. Quaternary International 276-277: 1-11.

Bhija, Amín. (2023). Evolution of Eurasian mammoths during the Quaternary with a focus on adaptations related to climate change / Vývoj euroasijských mamutů během kvartéru se zaměřením na adaptace související se změnami klimatu. BSc thesis, Univerzita Karlova V Praze.

Borsuk-Białynicka, M. & Wysoczański-Minkowicz T. 1969. Mammuthus trogontherii from Rzochów. Bull. Acad. Pol. Sc., Ser. Géol. et Géogr., 17: 143-147.

Chen, Xi and Tong, Hao-wen. (In Press, 2016). On the hindfoot bones of Mammuthus trogontherii from Shanshenmiaozui in Nihewan Basin, China. Quaternary International. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2016.09.001 [Abstract]

Danukalova, G. A. and Yakovlev, A. G. (2001). Finds of Proboscidean remains in the territory of the Southern Urals region, pp. 201-204. In: Cavarretta, C., Gioia, P., Mussi, M. and Palombo, M. R. (eds.). The World of Elephants – International Congress, Rome. Proceedings of the 1st international congress – Consiglio nazionale delle ricerche, Rome. [automatic download]

Daohong, Cheng, Wang Zhengyi, and Wei Zhengyi. 1982. The newly unearthed mammoth from Zhalainuoer (in Chinese). Vertebrata PalAsiatica 20(1): 88-89.

Dong, Wei and Zhang, Yingqi. (2022). Biochronologic sequences of the Pleistocene mammalian faunas in China and correlations with numeric dating. Quaternary Sciences 42(5): 1227-1246. https://doi.org/10.11928/j.issn.1001-7410.2022.05.01

Dubrovo, I. A. (1971). Order Proboscidea. In Nikiforova K.V. (ed.), Pleistotsen Tiraspolya (The Pleistocene of Tiraspol): 92-108. Kishinau: Shtiintsa.

Falconer, H. 1868. Paleontological Memoirs and Notes of H. Falconer, with a Biographical Sketch of the Author. Volume 2. 675 pp. Murchison, London.

Foronova, I. V. (2001). History of Quaternary Proboscideans of the South of Western Siberia inferred from dental system analysis, pp. 109-114. In: Cavarretta, C., Gioia, P., Mussi, M. and Palombo, M. R. (eds.). The World of Elephants – International Congress, Rome. Proceedings of the 1st international congress – Consiglio nazionale delle ricerche, Rome. [automatic download]

Gunn, J. 1891. The Cromer Forest Bed and its fossil Mammalia. In: H.B. Woodward and E.T. Newton (eds.), Memorials of John Gunn, 67–75. Nudd, Norwich.

Joger, U. and Garrido, G. (2001). Phylogenetic position of Elephas, Loxodonta and Mammuthus, based on molecular evidence, pp. 544-547. In: Cavarretta, C., Gioia, P., Mussi, M. and Palombo, M. R. (eds.). The World of Elephants – International Congress, Rome. Proceedings of the 1st international congress – Consiglio nazionale delle ricerche, Rome. [automatic download]

Koenigswald, W. von and Heinrich, W. D. (1999). Mittelpleistozäne Säugetierfaunen aus Mitteleuropa - der Versuch einer biostratigraphischen Zuordnung. Kaupia 9: 53-112.

Kosintsev, P.A., N.E. Bobkovskaya, A.V. Borodin, E.A. Zinoviev, A.I. Nekrasov, and S.S. Trofimova. 2004. .

Kosintsev, P.A. [Kosincev, P.A.], Bobkovskaya, N.E. [Bobkovskaâ, N.E.], Borodin, A.V., Zinoviev, E.V., Nekrasov, A.I., and Trofimova, S.S. 2004. Trogontherievij slon s Nižnego Irtyša / Trogontherian elephant of the lower Irtysh. Ural Region, Ekaterinburg: Institute for Ecology, Russian Academy of Sciences (Volot Press?). 260 pp.

Kosintsev, P. A. and Vorobiev, A. A. (2001). Ancient elephants of West Siberia, pp. 710-713. In: Cavarretta, C., Gioia, P., Mussi, M. and Palombo, M. R. (eds.). The World of Elephants – International Congress, Rome. Proceedings of the 1st international congress – Consiglio nazionale delle ricerche, Rome. [automatic download]

Kubiak, H. (2001). Remains of fossil elephants in Poland, pp. 115-118. In: Cavarretta, C., Gioia, P., Mussi, M. and Palombo, M. R. (eds.). The World of Elephants – International Congress, Rome. Proceedings of the 1st international congress – Consiglio nazionale delle ricerche, Rome. [automatic download]

Larramendi, Asier. (2014). Skeleton of a Late Pleistocene steppe mammoth (Mammuthus trogontherii) from Zhalainuoer, Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region, China. Paläontologische Zeitschrift 89(2): 229-250.

Larramendi, Asier. (2015). Skeleton of a Late Pleistocene steppe mammoth (Mammuthus trogontherii) from Zhalainuoer, Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region, China. Paläontologische Zeitschrift 89(2): 229-250. [Abstract]

Larramendi, Asier. (2016). Shoulder height, body mass, and shape of proboscideans. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 61(3): 537-574.

Lister, Adrian M. (1999). Eurasian mammoth evolution, specialization and extinction. Abstracts from the 6th CAVEPS, Perth, 7-11 July, 1997. In: Baynes, Alexander and Long, John A. (eds.). Papers in vertebrate palaeontology. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 57: 406.

Lister, A. M. (2001). “Gradual” evolution and molar scaling in the evolution of the mammoth, pp. 648-651. In: Cavarretta, C., Gioia, P., Mussi, M. and Palombo, M. R. (eds.). The World of Elephants – International Congress, Rome. Proceedings of the 1st international congress – Consiglio nazionale delle ricerche, Rome. [automatic download]

Lister, Adrian M. (2022). Mammoth evolution in the late Middle Pleistocene: The Mammuthus trogontherii-primigenius transition in Europe. Quaternary Science Reviews 294: 107693. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2022.107693

Lister, A.M., and A.J. Stuart. 2010. The West Runton mammoth (Mammuthus trogontherii) and its evolutionary significance. Quaternary International 228(1-2): 180-209.

Lister, A.M., Vesna Dimitrijevic, Zoran Markovic, Slobodan Knezevic, Dick Mol, 2012. A skeleton of ‘steppe’ mammoth (Mammuthus trogontherii (Pohlig)) from Drmno, near Kostolac, Serbia. Quaternary International 276-277: 129-144.

Louguet, S. (2001). The Middle and Late Pleistocene Mammoth remains from Hanhoffen (Bas-Rhin, France).

Mol, D. and Lacombat, F. 2009. Mammuthus trogontherii (Pohlig, 1885), the steppe mammoth of Nolhac. Preliminary report on a left and right upper M3, excavated at the ancient maar of Nolhac, Haute-Loire, Auvergne, France. Quaternaire 20: 569-574.

Mussi, M. and Palombo, M. R. (2001). Human/carnivore interaction in the Middle Pleistocene of Latium (Central Italy): an open question, pp. 67-75. In: Cavarretta, C., Gioia, P., Mussi, M. and Palombo, M. R. (eds.). The World of Elephants – International Congress, Rome. Proceedings of the 1st international congress – Consiglio nazionale delle ricerche, Rome. [automatic download]

Palombo, M.R. and M. Ferretti. 2004. Italian steppe mammoth occurrences. Terra Nostra. ISSN 0946-8978. No. 2 (2004), p. 198.

Paunović, Gordana, Bogićević, Katarina and Urošević, Aleksandar. (2017). Mandible shape differentiation between Mammuthus trogontherii and M. primigenius and mandible shape ontogeny in M. primigenius specimens from Serbia: A preliminary explorative geometric morphometric study. Quaternary International 443(A): 212-220. [Abstract]

Ros-Montoya, Sergio et al. (2018). The mammoth from the archaeo-paleontological site of Huéscar-1: A tile in the puzzling question of the replacement of Mammuthus meridionalis by Mammuthus trogontherii in the late Early Pleistocene of Europe. Quaternary Science Reviews 197: 336-351. [Abstract]

Schmidtgen, O. (1926). Elephas trogontherii Pohl. Palaeontologische Zeitschrift 8: 62-68.

Shpansky, A.V., V.N. Aliasova, S.V. Titov, and T.N. Smagulov. 2008a. New find of steppe elephant Mammuthus trogontherii Pohlig (Proboscidea, Elephantidae) from Pavlodarian Irtysh region, Kazakhstan. Byull. Mosk. O-Va Ispitatelei Pripodi Otd. Geol. 83(3): 52–62.

Siegfried, P. 1956. Der Schädel eines Parelephas trogontherii von Gelsenkirchen. Paläontologische Zeitschrift 30: 171–179.

Tong Haowen. 2010. New materials of Mammuthus trogontherii (proboscidea mammalia) of late Pleistocene age from yuxian|hebei[j]. 30(2): 307–318.

van der Made, J. and Mazo, A. V. (2001). Spanish Pleistocene Proboscidean diversity as a function of climate, pp. 214-218. In: Cavarretta, C., Gioia, P., Mussi, M. and Palombo, M. R. (eds.). The World of Elephants – International Congress, Rome. Proceedings of the 1st international congress – Consiglio nazionale delle ricerche, Rome. [automatic download]

Wei, G., S. Hu, K. Yu, Y. Hou, X. Li, C. Jin, Y. Wang, J. Zhao, and W. Wang. 2010. New materials of the steppe mammoth, Mammuthus trogontherii, with discussion on the origin and evolutionary patterns of mammoths. Science China Earth Sciences 53(7): 956-963.

https://twilightbeasts.wordpress.com/2016/02/09/mini-beasts-giants-and-mega-floods/

https://twilightbeasts.wordpress.com/2015/10/05/the-first-mammoth-of-the-steppes/

http://extinctanimals.proboards.com/thread/15877/mammuthus-trogontherii

http://siberiantimes.com/science/casestudy/news/n0319-scientists-believe-they-have-discovered-full-skeleton-of-worlds-largest-ever-elephant/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steppe_mammoth

https://ibn.idsi.md/vizualizare_articol/163661

 

<< Back to the Proboscideans database