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Proboscidea (Elephants, Mammoths and Mastodons)

 

Family: †Deinotheriidae

Scientific Name Author/s Common Name Last Record Distribution Status Taxon Profile
Dinotherium australe (Owen, 1843) - Late Pleistocene? Australia Invalid (synonym) Access

 

 

Family: Elephantidae (Elephants and Mammoths)

Scientific Name Author/s Common Name Last Record Distribution Status Taxon Profile
Elephas antiquus Falconer & Cautley, 1847 Straight-tusked elephant c.48,000 BC Europe Extinct Access
             
Elephas chaniensis Symeonides, Theodorou and Giannopoulos, 2000 - Late Pleistocene? Crete, Greece Extinct Access
             
Elephas creticus Bate, 1907 Cretan dwarf elephant Late Pleistocene Crete, Greece Exinct Access
             
Elephas creutzburgi Kuss, 1965 Cretan dwarf elephant ? Crete, Greece Extinct Access
             
Elephas cypriotes Bate, 1903 Cyprus dwarf elephant c.9,000 BC Cyprus Extinct Access
             
Elephas falconeri Busk, 1867 Sicilian pygmy elephant ? Sicily, Italy Extinct Access
             
Elephas hysudricus Falconer & Cautley, 1845 - pre-Late Pleistocene? India and the Levant Extinct Access
             
Elephas iolensis Pomel, 1895 - Late Pleistocene Africa Extinct Access
             
Elephas kiangnanensis Pei, 1987   Late Pleistocene China Extinct Access
             
Elephas maximus asurus Deraniyagala, 1951 Syrian elephant, Western Asiatic elephant 100 BC or before Mesopotamia and Syria Extinct Access
             
Elephas maximus buski Matsumoto, 1927 Honshu elephant, Busk's elephant ? Honshu, Japan Invalid (synonym) Access
             
Elephas maximus rubridens Deraniyagala, 1950 Chinese elephant 1300's BC China Extinct Access
             
Elephas maximus sichiaoshanensis Wang, 1978   Late Pleistocene China Extinct Access
             
Elephas maximus sondaicus Deraniyagala, 1953 Javan elephant ? Java (=Jawa), Indonesia Invalid? Access
             
Elephas tiliensis Theodorou et al. 2007 Tilos Island elephant, Tilos elephant Mid- or Late Holocene Tilos Island, Dodecanese Islands, Greece Extinct Access
             
Loxodonta africana pharaohensis Deraniyagala, 1948 Northern elephant, North African forest elephant, Carthaginian elephant, Atlas elephant Holocene Eritrea & Sudan Extinct Access
             
Mammuthus columbi Falconer, 1857 Columbian mammoth 10,710 ± 130 BP Americas Extinct Access
             
Mammuthus exilis Stock & Furlong, 1928 Channel Islands mammoth, Pygmy mammoth c. 9,000 BC Channel Islands (San Miguel, Santa Rosa, and Santa Cruz), California, USA Extinct Access
             
Mammuthus intermedius Jourdan, 1861 Intermediate mammoth Late Pleistocene Russia Extinct Access
             
Mammuthus jeffersoni Osborn, 1922 Jefferson mammoth Late Pleistocene North America Extinct Access
             
Mammuthus lamarmorae Major, 1883 - Late Pleistocene Sardinia, Italy Extinct Access
             
Mammuthus primigenius liupanshanensis Zhou & Zhang, 1974   Late Pleistocene China Extinct Access
             
Mammuthus primigenius primigenius Blumenbach, 1799 Woolly mammoth Holocene Eurasia and North America Extinct Access
             
Mammuthus sungari Chow & Chang, 1959 Songhua River mammoth Late Pleistocene China Extinct or invalid (synonym) Access
             
Mammuthus trogontherii trogontherii Pohlig, 1885 Steppe mammoth Late Pleistocene Eurasia Extinct Access
             
Mammuthus trogontherii chosaricus
Dubrovo, 1966 Khozarian steppe mammoth Late Pleistocene Siberia Extinct or invalid Access
             
Mammuthus sp. nov. 'Kotelny Island' - Golden mammoth Late Pleistocene Kotelny Island, Sakha Republic, Russia Extinct Access
             
Palaeoloxodon huaihoensis Liu, 1977   Late Pleistocene China Extinct Access
             

Palaeoloxodon lomolinoi

van der Geer et al. 2014 Naxos elephant Late Pleistocene Naxos, Greece Extinct Access
             
Palaeoloxodon mnaidriensis (Adams, 1874) - Late Pleistocene Malta & Sicily Extinct Access
             
Palaeoloxodon namadicus Falconer & Cautley, 1846 Asian straight-tusked elephant Late Pleistocene India to Japan Extinct Access
             
Palaeoloxodon naumanni Makiyama, 1924 Naumann's elephant Late Pleistocene Japan Extinct Access
             

Palaeoloxodon sp. nov. 'Astypálaia'

- Astypálaia elephant Late Pleistocene? Astypálaia, Greece Extinct Access
             
Palaeoloxodon sp. nov. 'Favignana Island'
- Favignana elephant 20,350–19,840 cal. yBP Favignana Island, Aegadian Archipelago, western Sicily Extinct Access
             

Palaeoloxodon sp. nov. 'Kasos'

- Kasos elephant Late Pleistocene? Kasos, Greece Extinct Access
             

Palaeoloxodon sp. nov. 'Rhodes'

- Rhodes elephant Late Pleistocene Rhodes, Greece Extinct Access

 

 

Family: †Gomphotheriidae (Gompotheres)

Scientific Name Author/s Common Name Last Record Distribution Status Taxon Profile
Cuvieronius hyodon Fischer, 1814 - Late Pleistocene Bolivia, Ecuador and Peru Extinct Access
             
Cuvieronius tropicus Cope, 1884 Cuvier's gomphothere Late Pleistocene USA Extinct Access
             
Haplomastodon chimborazi Proaño, 1922 - Late Pleistocene South America Extinct if valid Access
             
Notiomastodon platensis (Ameghino, 1888) - early Holocene South America Extinct Access
             
Stegomastodon superbus Ameghino, 1888 - Late Pleistocene South America Invalid (synonym) Access
             
Stegomastodon waringi Holland, 1920 - Late Pleistocene or Holocene Brazil Extinct if valid Access

 

 

Family: †Mammutidae (Mastodons)

Scientific Name Author/s Common Name Last Record Distribution Status Taxon Profile
Mammut americanum Kerr, 1792 American mastodon 10,395 ± 100 yBP Americas Extinct Access
             
Mammut pacificus Dooley et al., 2019 Pacific mastodon 15.87ka ± 0.19 cal BP California & south-eastern Idaho, USA Extinct Access

 

 

Family: †Stegodontidae (Stegodonts/Stegodons)

Scientific Name Author/s Common Name Last Record Distribution Status Taxon Profile
Stegodon florensis insularis van den Bergh et al. 2008 Dwarf Flores stegodon Late Pleistocene-Holocene border Flores, Indonesia Extinct Access
             
Stegodon insignis (Faloner and Cautley, 1846) - Late Pleistocene India Extinct Access
             
Stegodon namadicus Biswas & Dassarma, 1981   Late Pleistocene India Extinct Access
             
Stegodon orientalis Owen, 1870 Oriental stegodon Holocene Asia Extinct Access
             
Stegodon sumbaensis Sartono, 1979 Sumba stegodon Late Pleistocene Sumba, Lesser Sunda Islands Extinct Access
             
Stegodon timorensis Sartono, 1969 - Late Pleistocene Timor Island, East Nusa Tenggara Extinct Access
             
Stegodon trigonocephalus Martin, 1887 - Late Pleistocene Indonesia Extinct Access

 

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