Oldenlandia adscensionis (DC.) Cronk (1980:207)
Taxonomy & Nomenclature
Synonym/s: Hedyotis adscensionis DC. in Prodr. 4: 419 (1830); Oldenlandia adscenionis (DC.) Cronk in Biol. Conservation 17: 207 (1980) [orth. error]; Sherardia fruticosa L. in Sp. Pl.: 103 (1753)
Conservation Status
Extinct (Cronk, 1980:211; WCMC, 1992:221; Baillie & Butcher, 2012:88; Lambdon et al., 2012b; Humphreys et al., 2019; Albani Rocchetti et al., 2022; POWO, 2024; Christenhusz & Govaerts, 2025)
Last record: 1889 (Cronk, 1980:211; Christenhusz & Govaerts, 2025); "1985?" (Lambdon et al., 2012b)
IUCN RedList status: Extinct
Probably first noticed by Dampier (1709) according to (Cronk, 1980:211).
Distribution & Habitat
St Helena
Biology & Ecology
Hypodigm
Media
References
Albani Rocchetti, Giulia, Carta, Angelino, Mondoni, Andrea, Godefroid, Sandrine, Davis, Charles C., Caneva, Giulia, Albrecht, Matthew A., Alvarado, Karla, Bijmoer, Roxali, Borosova, Renata, Bräuchler, Christian, Breman, Elinor, Briggs, Marie, Buord, Stephane, Cave, Lynette H., Da Silva, Nílber Gonçalves, Davey, Alexandra H., Davies, Rachael M., Dickie, John B., Fabillo, Melodina, Fleischmann, Andreas, Franks, Andrew, Hall, Geoffrey, Kantvilas, Gintaras, Klak, Cornelia, Liu, Udayangani, Medina, Leopoldo, Reinhammar, Lars Gunnar, Sebola, Ramagwai J., Schönberger, Ines, Sweeney, Patrick, Voglmayr, Hermann, White, Adam, Wieringa, Jan J., Zippel, Elke Zippel and Abeli, Thomas. (2022). Selecting the best candidates for resurrecting extinct-in-the-wild plants from herbaria. Nature Plants 8: 1385-1393. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41477-022-01296-7 [Supplementary Tables S1-S6]
Ascension Environmental Information Operations Utility. (2010). Annual plant census data. Georgetown, Ascension Island.
Ashmole, P. and Ashmole, M. (2000). St Helena and Ascension Island: a natural history. Anthony Nelson, Oswestry, U.K.
Baillie, Jonathan E. M. and Butcher, Ellen R. (2012). Priceless or Worthless? The world’s most threatened species. London, UK: Zoological Society of London.
Christenhusz, Maarten J. M. and Govaerts, Rafaël. (2023). Uitgestorven. Op plantenjacht rond de wereld: 1-511. Sterck & De Vreese.
Christenhusz, Maarten J. M. and Govaerts, Rafaël. (2025). Plant extinction in the Anthropocene. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 207(3): 183-196. https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boae045 [Appendix S1]
Cronk, Quentin. C. B. (1980). Extinction and survival in the endemic flora of Ascension Island. Biological Conservation 17(3): 207-219. https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-3207(80)90056-7
Dampier, W. (1709). A continuation of a voyage to New Holland, &c. m the year 1699. London, James Knapton.
Duffey, E. (1964). The terrestrial ecology of Ascension Island. Journal of Applied Ecology 1: 219-251.
Govaerts, R. (2003). World Checklist of Selected Plant Families Database in ACCESS: 1-216203. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Gray, A., Gardner, S., Kirk, L., Robinson, P., Smölka, Z. and Webster, L. (2000). The status and distribution of the endemic vascular flora of Ascension Island. Unpublished Report.
Gray, A., Pelembe, T. and Stroud, S. (2005). The conservation of the endemic vascular flora of Ascension Island and the threats from alien species. Oryx 39(4): 1-6.
Hemsley, W. B. (1885). Report on the scientific results of the voyage of H.M.S. Challenger during the years 1873-76. Botany - Vol. 1. H.M. Stationary Office, London.
Humphreys, Aelys M., Govaerts, Rafaël, Ficinski, Sarah Z., Lughadha, Eimear Nic and Vorontsova, Maria S. (2019). Global dataset shows geography and life form predict modern plant extinction and rediscovery. Nature Ecology & Evolution 3: 1043-1047. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-019-0906-2 [Supplementary Dataset 1]
Lambdon, P. W., Stroud, S., Gray, A., Niissalo, M. and Renshaw, O. (2012a). Oldenlandia adscensionis. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2014.3. (http://www.iucnredlist.org). Downloaded on 08 May 2015.
Lambdon, P. W., Stroud, S., Gray, A., Niissalo, M. and Renshaw, O. (2012b). Oldenlandia adscensionis. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2012: e.T43923A2990410. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2012-1.RLTS.T43923A2990410.en. Downloaded on 23 June 2021.
Packer, J. E. (2002). A concise guide to Ascension Island. South Atlantic Ascension Heritage Society, Georgetown.
POWO. (2018). Plants of the World online. Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. http://e-monocot.org/.
POWO. (2024). Plants of the World Online (online resource). Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom. Available at: https://powo.science.kew.org/ [Accessed 16 June 2024]
Vojtek, Ján. (2020). Refining extinction estimations for plants of the UK Overseas Territories (UKOTs). MSc dissertation, Queen Mary, University of London. https://doi.org/10.34885/185
Walter, Kerry S. and Gillett, Harriet J. (eds.). (1998). 1997 IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants. Compiled by the World Conservation Monitoring Centre. Gland, Switzerland & Cambridge, UK: IUCN – The World Conservation Union. lxiv + 862 pp.
WCMC (World Conservation Monitoring Centre). (1992). Global Biodiversity: Status of the Earth's living resources. London: Chapman & Hall. xx + 594 pp.
https://vanishingflora.proboards.com/thread/96/oldenlandia-adscenionis
Ochrosia kilaueaensis H.St.John (1978:214)
Hōlei
Taxonomy & Nomenclature
Synonym/s: Ochrosia konaensis H.St.John in Adansonia, n.s., 18: 216 (1978)
Conservation Status
Missing (Wood et al., 2019:11) or Extinct (Wagner et al., 1999:16; Keir, 2020; Albani Rocchetti et al., 2022; Christenhusz & Govaerts, 2024)
Last record: 1927 (Wood et al., 2019:11; Keir, 2020; Christenhusz & Govaerts, 2024)
IUCN RedList status: Extinct
Distribution
Puuwaawaa & Kipuka Puaulu, Hawaii, Hawaiian Islands, USA
Biology & Ecology
Hypodigm
Media
References
Albani Rocchetti, Giulia, Carta, Angelino, Mondoni, Andrea, Godefroid, Sandrine, Davis, Charles C., Caneva, Giulia, Albrecht, Matthew A., Alvarado, Karla, Bijmoer, Roxali, Borosova, Renata, Bräuchler, Christian, Breman, Elinor, Briggs, Marie, Buord, Stephane, Cave, Lynette H., Da Silva, Nílber Gonçalves, Davey, Alexandra H., Davies, Rachael M., Dickie, John B., Fabillo, Melodina, Fleischmann, Andreas, Franks, Andrew, Hall, Geoffrey, Kantvilas, Gintaras, Klak, Cornelia, Liu, Udayangani, Medina, Leopoldo, Reinhammar, Lars Gunnar, Sebola, Ramagwai J., Schönberger, Ines, Sweeney, Patrick, Voglmayr, Hermann, White, Adam, Wieringa, Jan J., Zippel, Elke Zippel and Abeli, Thomas. (2022). Selecting the best candidates for resurrecting extinct-in-the-wild plants from herbaria. Nature Plants 8: 1385-1393. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41477-022-01296-7 [Supplementary Tables S1-S6]
Christenhusz, Maarten J. M. and Govaerts, Rafaël. (2024). Plant extinction in the Anthropocene. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boae045 [Appendix S1]
Fortini, L., Price, J., Jacobi, J., Vorsino, A., Burgett, J., Brinck, K., Amidon, F., Miller, S., Gon II, S., Koob, G. and Paxton, E. 2013. A landscape-based assessment of climate change vulnerability for all native Hawaiian plants. Technical report HCSU-044. Hawaii Cooperative Studies Unit, University of Hawaii at Hilo, Hawaii.
Govaerts, R. (2003). World Checklist of Selected Plant Families Database in ACCESS: 1-216203. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Keir, M. (2020). Ochrosia kilaueaensis. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020: e.T33562A83804687. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T33562A83804687.en. Accessed on 02 July 2022.
Oldfield, Sara, Lusty, Charlotte and MacKinven, Amy (compilers). (1998). The World List of Threatened Trees. Cambridge, U.K.: World Conservation Press. 650 pp.
POWO. (2024). Plants of the World Online (online resource). Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom. Available at: https://powo.science.kew.org/ [Accessed 25 August 2024]
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. (1996). Recovery plan for the Big Island plant cluster. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Portland, Oregon.
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2003. Endangered and Threatened Widlife and plants; proposed designation of critical habitat for three threatened mussels and eight endangered mussels in the Mobile River basin; proposed rule. Federal Register, 68 (58). USFWS.
USFWS. (2012). Ochrosia kilaueaensis (Holei): 5-Year Review, Summary and Evaluation.
Wagner, W., Herbst, D. and Sohmer, S. (1990). Manual of the flowering plants of Hawaii. University of Hawaii Press, Bishop Museum Press, Honolulu.
Wagner, Warren L., Bruegmann, Marie M., Herbst, Derral M. and Lau, Joel Q. C. (1999). Hawaiian Vascular Plants at Risk: 1999. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers 60: 1-58.
Walter, Kerry S. and Gillett, Harriet J. (eds.). (1998). 1997 IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants. Compiled by the World Conservation Monitoring Centre. Gland, Switzerland & Cambridge, UK: IUCN – The World Conservation Union. lxiv + 862 pp.
Wood, Kenneth R., Oppenheimer, Hank and Keir, Matthew. (2019). A checklist of endemic Hawaiian vascular plant taxa that are considered possibly extinct in the wild. National Tropical Botanical Garden, Technical Report #314.
World Conservation Monitoring Centre. (1998). Ochrosia kilaueaensis. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 1998: e.T33562A9786858. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.1998.RLTS.T33562A9786858.en. Downloaded on 18 November 2016.
Miraglossum laeve Kupicha (1984:630)
Taxonomy & Nomenclature
Conservation Status
Missing (Mogale et al., 2014) or Extinct (Christenhusz & Govaerts, 2024; POWO, 2024)
Last record: 1960 (Mogale et al., 2014; Christenhusz & Govaerts, 2024)
Distribution
Gauteng Province & North West Province, South Africa
Biology & Ecology
Hypodigm
Media
References
Original scientific description:
Kupicha, F. K. (1984). Studies on African Asclepiadaceae. Kew Bulletin 38(4): 599-672.
Other references:
Albers, F. and Meve, U. (eds.). (2002). Illustrated handbook of succulent plants Asclepiadaceae, corr. 2nd printing: 1-318. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg,New York.
Christenhusz, Maarten J. M. and Govaerts, Rafaël. (2023). Uitgestorven. Op plantenjacht rond de wereld: 1-511. Sterck & De Vreese.
Christenhusz, Maarten J. M. and Govaerts, Rafaël. (2024). Plant extinction in the Anthropocene. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boae045 [Appendix S1]
Germishuizen, G. and Meyer, N. L. (eds.). (2003). Plants of Southern Africa an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14: 1-1231. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
Hahn, N. (2013). Rare, endangered and endemic flora of the North West Province. Unpublished Report to the Department of Economic Development, Conservation and Tourism, North West Provincial Government.
Mogale, M. M. P., Bester, S. P. and von Staden, L. (2014). Miraglossum laeve Kupicha. National Assessment: Red List of South African Plants version 2017.1. Accessed on 2017/06/07
POWO. (2024). Plants of the World Online (online resource). Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom. Available at: https://powo.science.kew.org/ [Accessed 3 November 2024]
Raimondo, D., von Staden, L., Foden, W., Victor, J. E., Helme, N. A., Turner, R. C., Kamundi, D. A. and Manyama, P. A. (2009). Red List of South African Plants. Strelitzia 25. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria.
Minaria monocoronata (Rapini) T.U.P. Konno & Rapini
Taxonomy & Nomenclature
Conservation Status
Last record: 13 April 1994
Since rediscovered?
Distribution
Brazil
Biology & Ecology
Hypodigm
Media
References
Original scientific description:
Konno, Tatiana U. P., Alessandro Rapini, David J. Goyder, and Mark W. Chase. (2006). The New Genus Minaria (Asclepiadoideae, Apocynaceae). Taxon 55(2): 421-430.
Other references:
do Carmo, Flavio Fonseca et al. (2018). Check-list of vascular plant communities on ironstone ranges of south-eastern Brazil: dataset for conservation. Biodiversity Data Journal 6: e27032.
https://vanishingflora.proboards.com/thread/4028/minaria-monocoronata
Chthamalia radiata (Correll) Morillo (2023:55)
Falfurrias milkvine, Falfurrias anglepod
Taxonomy & Nomenclature
Synonym/s: Matelea radiata Correll in Wrightia 3: 136 (1965)
Conservation Status
Last record (disputed): 24 June 1909 (Ripley, 1975:40 [as 1909]; Rintz, 2014:1); 13 July 1941 (disputed) (see Rintz, 2014:1; NatureServe, 2024 [as 1941]); 4 April 1966 (disputed) (see Rintz, 2014:1)
Rediscovered in: August 2005 (specimens & photos); 2013 (recogntion) (both Rintz, 2014:1; Knapp et al., 2020 [without date])
Was listed as Extinct by (WCMC, 1992:215). Still listed as Extinct by (Humphreys et al., 2019).
Distribution & Habitat
Brooks County, Hidalgo County & Starr County, Texas, USA
Biology & Ecology
Hypodigm
Media
References
Original scientific description:
Correll, D. S. (1965). Some additions and corrections to the flora of Texas. Wrightia 3(7): 126-140.
Other references:
Correll, D. S., and Johnston, M. C. (1970). Manual of the vascular plants of Texas. Texas Research Foundation, Renner. 1881 pp.
CPC. (1990). Centre for plant conservation data for North American plants database. CPC, Centre for plant conservation.
Humphreys, Aelys M., Govaerts, Rafaël, Ficinski, Sarah Z., Lughadha, Eimear Nic and Vorontsova, Maria S. (2019). Global dataset shows geography and life form predict modern plant extinction and rediscovery. Nature Ecology & Evolution 3: 1043-1047. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-019-0906-2 [Supplementary Dataset 1]
Kartesz, J. T. (1994). A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
Knapp, Wesley M., Frances, Anne, Noss, Reed, Naczi, Robert F. C., Weakley, Alan, Gann, George D., Baldwin, Bruce G., Miller, James, McIntyre, Patrick, Mishler, Brent D., Moore, Gerry, Olmstead, Richard G., Strong, Anna, Gluesenkamp, Daniel and Kennedy, Kathryn. (2020). Regional records improve data quality in determining plant extinction rates. Nature Ecology & Evolution 4: 512-514. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-020-1146-1
NatureServe. (2024). Matelea radiata: Falfurrias Milkvine. NatureServe Network Biodiversity Location Data accessed through NatureServe Explorer [web application]. NatureServe, Arlington, Virginia. Available at: https://explorer.natureserve.org/ [Accessed 29 November 2024]
Poole, Jackie M., Carr, William R. and Price, Dana M. (2008). Rare plants of Texas: A field Guide. TAMU Press.
Rintz. Richard E. (2014). Matelea radiata Correll (Apocynaceae, Asclepiadoidiae) Rediscovered in South Texas. Phytologia 96: 1-6.
Ripley, S. Dillon. (1975). Report on endangered and threatened species of the United States. House Document 94-51: 1-200 [40].
Walter, Kerry S. and Gillett, Harriet J. (eds.). (1998). 1997 IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants. Compiled by the World Conservation Monitoring Centre. Gland, Switzerland & Cambridge, UK: IUCN – The World Conservation Union. lxiv + 862 pp.
WCMC (World Conservation Monitoring Centre). (1992). Global Biodiversity: Status of the Earth's living resources. London: Chapman & Hall. xx + 594 pp.
Weakley, A. S., and Southeastern Flora Team. (2024). Flora of the southeastern United States. Edition of March 4, 2024. University of North Carolina Herbarium (NCU), North Carolina Botanical Garden, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. 2203 pp.