Neoschumannia kamerunensis Schltr. (1905:38)
Taxonomy & Nomenclature
Conservation Status
Last record: 1960's (Onana et al., 2011:92)
Rediscovered in: March 1995 (Cheek & Cable, 1997:34; Onana et al., 2011:92)
Distribution & Habitat
Cameroon, Central African Republic & Côte d'Ivoire
Biology & Ecology
Hypodigm
Media
References
Cheek, Martin. (2014). Neoschumannia kamerunensis. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2014: e.T39478A2927277. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-3.RLTS.T39478A2927277.en. Accessed on 26 July 2025.
Cheek, Martin and Cable, Stuart. (1997). Plant inventory for conservation management: the Kew-Earthwatch programme in Western Cameroon, 1993-96, pp. 29-38. In: Doolan, Seán. African Rainforests and the Conservation of Biodiversity. Proceedings of the Limbe Conference, Limbe Botanic Garden, Cameroon, 17-24 January 1997. Earthwatch Europe. [p. 34]
Harris, D. J. (2002). Vasc. Pl. Dzanga-Sangha: 1-274. National Botanic Garden (Belgium), Meise.
Hepper, F. N. (ed.). (1963). Flora of West Tropical Africa, ed. 2, 2: 1-544.
Meve, U. (1997). Neoschumannia kamerunensis Schltr. (Asclepiadaceae) rediscovered in Cameroon after nearly a century. Bot. Jahrb. 119(3): 427-435.
Onana, Jean Michel. (2011). The vascular plants of Cameroon a taxonomic checklist with IUCN assessments: 1-195. National herbarium of Cameroon, Yaoundé.
Onana, Jean Michel, Cheek, Martin and Pollard, Benedict John. (2011). Red Data Book of the Flowering Plants of Cameroon: IUCN Global Assessments. Kew, Richmond, Surrey, UK: Kew Publishing. 578 pp.
POWO. (2025). Plants of the World Online (online resource). Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom. Available at: https://powo.science.kew.org/ [Accessed 26 July 2025]
Whitesloanea crassa (N.E.Br.) Chiov.
Taxonomy & Nomenclature
Synonym/s: Caralluma crassa N.E. Br. (basionym); Drakebrockmania crassa (N.E.Br.) A.C.White & B.Sloane
Conservation Status
Rediscovered twice
"Not far from Sheikh is a barren stony hillside which is assumed to be the type locality of the remarkable stapeliad Whitesloanea crassa, discovered in 1914, not rediscovered until 1957 (see Cactus & Succulent Journal of America 31: 107. 1959), and subsequently thought to be possibly extinct (Nat. Cact. Succ. J. 30: 34. 1975)."
(Johnson, 1982:14)
"Somalia is very appealing to many lovers of succulent plants for various good reasons. Somalia is a very difficult and dangerous travel destination and yet it is the natural habitat of a great number of rare and difficult to cultivate, oddly shaped and ultra succulent plants of various plant families. Whitesloanea crassa, (N.E.Br.) Chiov. once believed extinct and then rediscovered, is just one example."
(van Veldhuisen, 2022:20)
Distribution
Somalia
Biology & Ecology
Hypodigm
Media
References
Original scientific description:
Brown, N. E. (1935). Plants New or Noteworthy. Caralluma crassa, N. E. Br. Gdnrs' Chron. (3) 98: 6.
Other references:
Bally, P. R. O. (1959). Three Interesting Stapeliads from Somaliland. Cactus Succul. J. Am. 31: 107-111.
Bally, P. R. O. (1961). White-sloanea crassa. The Flowering Plants of Africa 34: t. 1338.
Bally, P. R. O., Horwood, F. K. and Lavranos, J. J. (1975). A Monograph of the Genera Pseudolithos and Whitesloanea. The National Cactus and Succulent Journal 30(2): 31-36. https://www.jstor.org/stable/42791977
Bruyns, P. V. (1998). The relationships of Whitesloanea crassa. Edinburgh Journal of Botany 55(1): 27-37.
Chiovendra, E. (1937). Di un nuovo Genere della Famiglia Asclepiadaceae Sect. Stapelieae. Malpighia 34: 541-542.
Johnson, Margaret. (1982). Camel's Milk and Aloes: The travels of a Kew Expedition to Somalia. The Cactus and Succulent Journal of Great Britain 44(1): 9-16. https://www.jstor.org/stable/42786452
Lucas, Grenville Llewellyn and Synge, Hugh (compilers). (1978). The IUCN Plant Red Data Book. Morges, Switzerland: IUCN. 540 pp. [pp. 77-78]
Rauth, W. and Rauth, H. (1974). Baja California. The National Cactus and Succulent Journal 29(2): 44-51. ["possibly extinct"]
Rowley, G. (1973). Save the Succulents! A practical step to aid conservation. Cact. Succ. J. Am. 45: 9.
van Veldhuisen, Rikus. (2022). Euphorbia horwoodii S. Carter & J. Lavranos. Euphorbia World 18: 20-26.
White, A. and Sloane, B. L. (1937). The Stapelieae I. Pasadena, California, pp. 401-403.
Wendlandia angustifolia Wight ex Hook.f. (1880:40)
Taxonomy & Nomenclature
Conservation Status
Last record: c.1837 (Nayar & Sastry, 1987:348); 19 March 1917
Rediscovered on: 16 February 1998 (Viswanathan et al., 2000)
IUCN status: Endangered
Was listed as Extinct by (WCMC, 1992:222). Still listed as Extinct by (Baillie & Butcher, 2012:88; Humphreys et al., 2019; Sivaraj et al., 2020:45; Albani Rocchetti et al., 2022).
Distribution & Habitat
Tamil Nadu, India
Biology & Ecology
Hypodigm
Media
References
Albani Rocchetti, Giulia, Carta, Angelino, Mondoni, Andrea, Godefroid, Sandrine, Davis, Charles C., Caneva, Giulia, Albrecht, Matthew A., Alvarado, Karla, Bijmoer, Roxali, Borosova, Renata, Bräuchler, Christian, Breman, Elinor, Briggs, Marie, Buord, Stephane, Cave, Lynette H., Da Silva, Nílber Gonçalves, Davey, Alexandra H., Davies, Rachael M., Dickie, John B., Fabillo, Melodina, Fleischmann, Andreas, Franks, Andrew, Hall, Geoffrey, Kantvilas, Gintaras, Klak, Cornelia, Liu, Udayangani, Medina, Leopoldo, Reinhammar, Lars Gunnar, Sebola, Ramagwai J., Schönberger, Ines, Sweeney, Patrick, Voglmayr, Hermann, White, Adam, Wieringa, Jan J., Zippel, Elke Zippel and Abeli, Thomas. (2022). Selecting the best candidates for resurrecting extinct-in-the-wild plants from herbaria. Nature Plants 8: 1385-1393. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41477-022-01296-7 [Supplementary Tables S1-S6]
Baillie, Jonathan E. M. and Butcher, Ellen R. (2012). Priceless or Worthless? The world’s most threatened species. London, UK: Zoological Society of London.
Govaerts, R. (2003). World Checklist of Selected Plant Families Database in ACCESS: 1-216203. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Humphreys, Aelys M., Govaerts, Rafaël, Ficinski, Sarah Z., Lughadha, Eimear Nic and Vorontsova, Maria S. (2019). Global dataset shows geography and life form predict modern plant extinction and rediscovery. Nature Ecology & Evolution 3: 1043-1047. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-019-0906-2 [Supplementary Dataset 1]
Khoshoo, T. N. (1996). India needs a National Biodiversity Conservation Board. Current Science 71(7): 506-513.
Muthumperumal, C., Balasubramanian, P. and Rasingam, L. (2020). An assessment of the conservation status of a presumed extinct tree species Wendlandia angustifolia Wight ex. Hook.f. in southern Western Ghats, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa 12(4): 15468-15474.
Nayar, M. P. and Sastry, A. R. K. (compilers). (1987, reprinted 2000). Red Data Book of Indian Plants. Volume 1. Calcutta: Botanical Survey of India. xiii + 367 pp, 16 pls, figs. [pp. 348-349]
Oldfield, S. (2020). Wendlandia angustifolia. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020: e.T31213A117415015. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T31213A117415015.en. Accessed on 28 December 2022.
Oldfield, S., Lusty, C. and MacKinven, A. (compilers). (1998). The World List of Threatened Trees. Cambridge, U.K.: World Conservation Press. 650 pp.
Rao, C. Kameswara, Geetha, B. L. and Suresh, Geetha. (2003). Red List of Threatened Vascular Plant Species in India: Compiled from the 1997 IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants. ENVIS Centre on Floral Diversity, Botanical Survey of India, Kolkata. xxiv + 144 pp. [automatic download]
Sivaraj, N., Venkateswaran, Kamala, Pandravada, S. R., Reddy, M. Thirupathi Reddy and Rajasekharan, P. E. (2020). Threatened Medicinal Plants of Eastern Ghats and Their ConservationThreatened Medicinal Plants of Eastern Ghats and Their Conservation, pp. 31-62. In: Rajasekharan, P. E. and Wani, Shabir Hussain (eds.). Conservation and Utilization of Threatened Medicinal Plants. Cham, Switzerland: Springer Nature Switzerland AG. xviii + 565 pp.
Viswanathan, M. B., Harrison Premkumar, E. and Ramesh, N. (2000). Rediscovery of Wendlandia angustifolia Wight ex Hook.f. (Rubiaceae), from Tamil Nadu, a species presumed extinct. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 97(2): 311-313.
Walter, Kerry S. and Gillett, Harriet J. (eds.). (1998). 1997 IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants. Compiled by the World Conservation Monitoring Centre. Gland, Switzerland & Cambridge, UK: IUCN – The World Conservation Union. lxiv + 862 pp.
WCMC (World Conservation Monitoring Centre). (1992). Global Biodiversity: Status of the Earth's living resources. London: Chapman & Hall. xx + 594 pp.
World Conservation Monitoring Centre. (1998). Wendlandia angustifolia. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 1998: e.T31213A9614432. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.1998.RLTS.T31213A9614432.en. Downloaded on 17 September 2016.
http://vanishingflora.proboards.com/thread/65/wendlandia-angustifolia
https://therevelator.org/india-rare-tree
https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/forestry/forestry_threatened_plants_tamil_nadu.pdf
Tarenna scandens (Roxb.) Good, 1926:11
Taxonomy & Nomenclature
Conservation Status
Last record: 1812
Rediscovered in 1999
Distribution
Bangladesh
Biology & Ecology
Hypodigm
Media
References
Rahman, M. Atiqur and Rashid, M. Enamur. (2013). Status of endemic plants of Bangladesh and conservation management strategies. International Journal of Environment 2(1): 231-249.
Riocreuxia flanaganii alexandrina H.E.Huber
Taxonomy & Nomenclature
Synonym/s: Ceropegia flanaganii Schltr. var. alexandrina H.Huber; Riocreuxia alexandrina (H.Huber) R.A.Dyer; Riocreuxia flanaganii Schltr. subsp. alexandrina (H.Huber) R.A.Dyer
Conservation Status
Rediscovered in 2013
Distribution
Umzinto district, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Biology & Ecology
Hypodigm
Media
References
Dyer, R.A. 1979. ASCLEPIADACEAE: The Riocreuxia flanaganii complex. Bothalia 12(4):632.
Dyer, R.A. 1980. Brachystelma, Ceropegia and Riocreuxia. In: O.A. Leistner (ed). Flora of Southern Africa 27 Part 4:1-88. Botanical Research Institute, Pretoria.
Grieve, Kate and Grieve, Graham. (2015). Critically Endangered, Possibly Extinct Riocreuxia rediscovered in KZN news. Veld & Flora 101(4): 187. [Abstract]
Hilton-Taylor, C. 1996. Red data list of southern African plants. Strelitzia 4. South African National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
Masinde, P.S. 2005. A revision of the African genus Riocreuxia Decne. (Apocynaceae:Asclepiadiodeae-Ceropegieae). Kew Bulletin 60(3):401-434.
Raimondo, D., von Staden, L., Foden, W., Victor, J.E., Helme, N.A., Turner, R.C., Kamundi, D.A. and Manyama, P.A. 2009. Red List of South African Plants. Strelitzia 25. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria.
Scott-Shaw, C.R. 1999. Rare and threatened plants of KwaZulu-Natal and neighbouring regions. KwaZulu-Natal Nature Conservation Service, Pietermaritzburg.
von Staden, L., Grieve, G. & Mtshali, H. 2015. Riocreuxia flanaganii Schltr. var. alexandrina H.E.Huber. National Assessment: Red List of South African Plants version 2017.1. Accessed on 2017/06/08.