Amperea xiphoclada pedicellata R.J.F.Hend. (1992:24)
Taxonomy & Nomenclature
Conservation Status
Extinct (Henderson, 1992; Keith et al., 1997:64; Department of the Environment, 2014; Christenhusz & Govaerts, 2024)
Last (and only) record: 1892 (Department of the Environment, 2014; Christenhusz & Govaerts, 2024)
"Amperea xiphoclada var. pedicellata is known only from the type specimen, collected in 1892, from the ‘head of Double Bay’ in Sydney, NSW. The variety has not been observed since and is presumed to be extinct (Henderson, 1992). The variety is distinguished by its long (to 13 mm) pedicels (flower stalks). Other A. xiphoclada varieties have pedicels no longer than 0.5 mm (Henderson, 1992).
Nothing is known of the ecology of A. x. var. pedicellosa, but given the collection locality of the type (and only) specimen, it is likely to have occurred in somewhat swampy habitat (Henderson, 1992). The variety is presumed to have become extinct due to the expansion of Sydney. The type locality near Double Bay is now an inner suburb and little, if any, truly remnant vegetation persists there (Walsh, 2014, pers. comm.)."
(Department of the Environment, 2014)
Distribution
Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
Biology & Ecology
Hypodigm
Media
References
Original scientific description:
Henderson, R. J. F. (1992). Studies in Euphorbiaceae A.L. Juss., sens. lat. I. A Revision of Amperea Adr. Juss. (Acalyphoideae Ascherson, Ampereae Muell. Arg.). Australian Systematic Botany 5(1): 1-27. [Abstract]
Other references:
Anderson Environmental. (2018). Flora and fauna assessment for a proposed development at 45-65 Greenacre Drive, Tahmoor (Lot 11, DP:825465) Wollondilly Shire Council Local Government Area. Unpublished report.
Christenhusz, Maarten J. M. and Govaerts, Rafaël. (2024). Plant extinction in the Anthropocene. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boae045 [Appendix S1]
Department of the Environment. (2014). Consultation Document on Listing Eligibility and Conservation Actions: Amperea xiphoclada var. pedicellata. Unpublished report. Available at: http://www.environment.gov.au/system/files/pages/806c3c2d-8ff4-4886-9b29-258980fb641d/files/amperea-xiphoclada-var-pedicellata-consultation.pdf
Govaerts, R. (1995). World Checklist of Seed Plants 1(1, 2): 1-483, 1-529. MIM, Deurne.
Govaerts, R., Frodin, D. G. and Radcliffe-Smith, A. (2000). World Checklist and Bibliography of Euphorbiaceae (and Pandaceae) 1-4: 1-1622. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Keith, David A., Chalson, Jane M. and Auld, Tony D. (1997). Assessing the status of threatened plants: A new methodology and an application to the vascular flora of New South Wales. Project No. 450, Endangered Species Program. Canberra: Biodiversity Group, Environment Australia.
POWO. (2024). Plants of the World Online (online resource). Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom. Available at: https://powo.science.kew.org/ [Accessed 14 September 2024]
Walter, Kerry S. and Gillett, Harriet J. (eds.). (1998). 1997 IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants. Compiled by the World Conservation Monitoring Centre. Gland, Switzerland & Cambridge, UK: IUCN – The World Conservation Union. lxiv + 862 pp.
https://vanishingflora.proboards.com/thread/1307/amperea-xiphoclada-var-pedicellata
Acalypha wilderi Merr. (1931:64)
Taxonomy & Nomenclature
A. wilderi is likely synonymous with both A. raivavensis and A. tubuaiensis, and as it is the oldest name and the other two taxa are extant, it would be taxonomically rediscovered if even one of the latter two are synonymised under A. wilderi (see de Lange et al., 2014).
Conservation Status
Extinct (de Lange et al., 2014; Humphreys et al., 2019; Albani Rocchetti et al., 2022; Christenhusz & Govaerts, 2024; POWO, 2024) (but see above)
Last record: 1929 (de Lange et al., 2014; Christenhusz & Govaerts, 2024)
IUCN RedList status: Extinct
This species has been identified as one of the 50 best candidates for de-extinction, ranking 39/50 (Albani Rocchetti et al., 2022). However, it is likely to be taxonomically rediscovered in the future (de Lange et al., 2014).
Distribution
Rarotonga, Cook Islands
Biology & Ecology
Hypodigm
Media
References
Original scientific description:
https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015023272019;view=1up;seq=68
Other references:
Albani Rocchetti, Giulia, Carta, Angelino, Mondoni, Andrea, Godefroid, Sandrine, Davis, Charles C., Caneva, Giulia, Albrecht, Matthew A., Alvarado, Karla, Bijmoer, Roxali, Borosova, Renata, Bräuchler, Christian, Breman, Elinor, Briggs, Marie, Buord, Stephane, Cave, Lynette H., Da Silva, Nílber Gonçalves, Davey, Alexandra H., Davies, Rachael M., Dickie, John B., Fabillo, Melodina, Fleischmann, Andreas, Franks, Andrew, Hall, Geoffrey, Kantvilas, Gintaras, Klak, Cornelia, Liu, Udayangani, Medina, Leopoldo, Reinhammar, Lars Gunnar, Sebola, Ramagwai J., Schönberger, Ines, Sweeney, Patrick, Voglmayr, Hermann, White, Adam, Wieringa, Jan J., Zippel, Elke Zippel and Abeli, Thomas. (2022). Selecting the best candidates for resurrecting extinct-in-the-wild plants from herbaria. Nature Plants 8: 1385-1393. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41477-022-01296-7 [Supplementary Tables S1-S6]
Cheeseman, T. F. (1903). The flora of Rarotonga. Transactions of the Linnaean Society, London, Second Series, Botany 6: 161-213.
Christenhusz, Maarten J. M. and Govaerts, Rafaël. (2023). Uitgestorven. Op plantenjacht rond de wereld: 1-511. Sterck & De Vreese.
Christenhusz, Maarten J. M. and Govaerts, Rafaël. (2024). Plant extinction in the Anthropocene. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boae045 [Appendix S1]
de Lange, P., Martin, T. and McCormack, G. (2014). Acalypha wilderi. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2014: e.T199821A2612719. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-1.RLTS.T199821A2612719.en. Downloaded on 16 November 2016.
Florence, J. (1997). Flore de la Polynésie Française. Vol. 1. Cannbaceae, Cecropiaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Moraceae, Piperaceae, Ulmaceae, Urticaceae. Collection Faune et Flora tropicales 34. Editions de l’Orstom, Paris.
Govaerts, R., Frodin, D. G. and Radcliffe-Smith, A. (2000). World Checklist and Bibliography of Euphorbiaceae (and Pandaceae) 1-4: 1-1622. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Humphreys, Aelys M., Govaerts, Rafaël, Ficinski, Sarah Z., Lughadha, Eimear Nic and Vorontsova, Maria S. (2019). Global dataset shows geography and life form predict modern plant extinction and rediscovery. Nature Ecology & Evolution 3: 1043-1047. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-019-0906-2 [Supplementary Dataset 1]
POWO. (2024). Plants of the World Online (online resource). Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom. Available at: https://powo.science.kew.org/ [Accessed 9 September 2024]
Walter, Kerry S. and Gillett, Harriet J. (eds.). (1998). 1997 IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants. Compiled by the World Conservation Monitoring Centre. Gland, Switzerland & Cambridge, UK: IUCN – The World Conservation Union. lxiv + 862 pp.
Whistler, W. A. (1988). The Unique flowers of Polynesia: The Cook Islands. Pacific Tropical Garden Bulletin 18(4): 89-95.
Wilder, G. P. (1931). Flora of Rarotonga. Bernice P. Bishop Museum Bulletin 86: 1-113.
Acalypha sp. nov. 'Rapa Nui'
Taxonomy & Nomenclature
Conservation Status
Extinct
Distribution
Rapa Nui (=Easter Island)
Biology & Ecology
Hypodigm
Media
References
Rull, Valentí. (2020). The deforestation of Easter island. Biological Reviews 95(1): 124-141. https://doi.org/10.1111/brv.12556
http://vanishingflora.proboards.com/thread/1291/subfossil-plants-pacific-islands
Acalypha rubrinervis Cronk (1995:98)
Stringwood, Red acalypha
Taxonomy & Nomenclature
Synonyms: Acalypha rubra Roxb. in A.Beaston, Tracts St. Helena: 295 (1816), nom. illeg.; Acalypha reticulata var. rubra Müll.Arg. in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 851 (1866); Acalypha filiformis subsp. rubra (Müll.Arg.) Govaerts in R.Govaerts, D.G.Frodin & A.Radcliffe-Smith, World Checkl. & Bibliogr. Euphorbiaceae: 62 (2000)
Conservation Status
Extinct (WCMC, 1992:218; Baillie & Butcher, 2012:88; Lambdon & Ellick, 2016; Christenhusz & Govaerts, 2024; POWO, 2024)
Last record: 1855 (Christenhusz & Govaerts, 2024); 1855-1875 (Lambdon & Ellick, 2016); 1870
IUCN RedList status: Extinct
Distribution & Habitat
St Helena (central ridge)
Biology & Ecology
Hypodigm
Media
References
America, S. (1999). St Helena. Biodiversity: the UK Overseas Territories, 101.
Baillie, Jonathan E. M. and Butcher, Ellen R. (2012). Priceless or Worthless? The world’s most threatened species. London, UK: Zoological Society of London.
Beatson, A. 1816. An alphabetical list of plants seen by Dr Roxburgh growing on the island of St Helena. Tracts relative to the Island of St Helena, Appendix 1. W.Bulmer & Co., London, U.K.
Burchell, W. J. (1805-10). Flora Insulae Sanctae Helenae. Unpublished manuscript held at Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, Richmond, U.K.
Christenhusz, Maarten J. M. and Govaerts, Rafaël. (2023). Uitgestorven. Op plantenjacht rond de wereld: 1-511. Sterck & De Vreese.
Christenhusz, Maarten J. M. and Govaerts, Rafaël. (2024). Plant extinction in the Anthropocene. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boae045 [Appendix S1]
Cronk, Q. C. B. (1998). Acalypha rubrinervis. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2014.3. (http://iucnredlist.org). Downloaded on 08 May 2015.
Cronk, Q. C. B. (2000). The Endemic Flora of St. Helena. Oswestry, U.K.: Anthony Nelson Publishers.
Govaerts, R. (1995). World Checklist of Seed Plants 1(1, 2): 1-483, 1-529. MIM, Deurne.
Govaerts, R., Frodin, D. G. and Radcliffe-Smith, A. (2000). World Checklist and Bibliography of Euphorbiaceae (and Pandaceae) 1-4: 1-1622. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Lambdon, P. W. (2012). Flowering plants and ferns of St Helena. Pisces Publications, Newbury, U.K.
Lambdon, P. W. and Ellick, S. (2016). Acalypha rubrinervis. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T37854A67371775. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T37854A67371775.en. Downloaded on 26 June 2021.
Melliss, J.C. 1875. St Helena: A Physical, Historical and Topographical Description of the Island, Including its Geology, Fauna, Flora and Meteorology. L. Reeve & Co., London, U.K.
Oldfield, Sara, Lusty, Charlotte and MacKinven, Amy (compilers). (1998). The World List of Threatened Trees. Cambridge, U.K.: World Conservation Press. 650 pp.
POWO. (2024). Plants of the World Online (online resource). Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom. Available at: https://powo.science.kew.org/ [Accessed 9 September 2024]
Vojtek, Ján. (2020). Refining extinction estimations for plants of the UK Overseas Territories (UKOTs). MSc dissertation, Queen Mary, University of London. https://doi.org/10.34885/185
Walter, Kerry S. and Gillett, Harriet J. (eds.). (1998). 1997 IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants. Compiled by the World Conservation Monitoring Centre. Gland, Switzerland & Cambridge, UK: IUCN – The World Conservation Union. lxiv + 862 pp.
WCMC (World Conservation Monitoring Centre). (1992). Global Biodiversity: Status of the Earth's living resources. London: Chapman & Hall. xx + 594 pp.
https://vanishingflora.proboards.com/thread/86/acalypha-rubrinervis
Acalypha eggersii Pax & K.Hoffm.
Taxonomy & Nomenclature
Conservation Status
Missing
Last record: 1893
IUCN RedList status: Critically Endangered
Distribution
Ecuador
Biology & Ecology
Hypodigm
Media
References
Santiana, J., Cerón, C. & Pitman, N. 2004. Acalypha eggersii. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2004: e.T45174A10984373. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2004.RLTS.T45174A10984373.en. Downloaded on 16 November 2016.