Claoxylon grandifolium (Poir.) Müll.Arg. (1865:163)

Taxonomy & Nomenclature

Synonyms: Acalypha grandifolia Poir. in J.B.A.M.de Lamarck, Encycl. 6: 204 (1804); Claoxylon grandifolium var. genuinum Müll.Arg. in Linnaea 34: 163 (1865), not validly publ.; Claoxylon metzieri Bouton ex Bojer in Hortus Maurit.: 285 (1837), nom. nud.; Claoxylon crassifolium Baill. in Recueil Observ. Bot. 1: 279 (1861); Claoxylon grandifolium var. submembranaceum Müll.Arg. in Linnaea 34: 163 (1865); Claoxylon submembranaceum (Müll.Arg.) Pax & K.Hoffm. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.), Pflanzenr., IV, 147, VII: 122 (1914)

Conservation Status

Extinct (WCMC, 1992:218; Humphreys et al., 2019; Albani Rocchetti et al., 2022; POWO, 2024; Christenhusz & Govaerts, 2025)

Last record: 1860 (Christenhusz & Govaerts, 2025)

Distribution & Habitat

Mauritius & Réunion, Mascarene Islands

Biology & Ecology

Hypodigm

Media

References

Albani Rocchetti, Giulia, Carta, Angelino, Mondoni, Andrea, Godefroid, Sandrine, Davis, Charles C., Caneva, Giulia, Albrecht, Matthew A., Alvarado, Karla, Bijmoer, Roxali, Borosova, Renata, Bräuchler, Christian, Breman, Elinor, Briggs, Marie, Buord, Stephane, Cave, Lynette H., Da Silva, Nílber Gonçalves, Davey, Alexandra H., Davies, Rachael M., Dickie, John B., Fabillo, Melodina, Fleischmann, Andreas, Franks, Andrew, Hall, Geoffrey, Kantvilas, Gintaras, Klak, Cornelia, Liu, Udayangani, Medina, Leopoldo, Reinhammar, Lars Gunnar, Sebola, Ramagwai J., Schönberger, Ines, Sweeney, Patrick, Voglmayr, Hermann, White, Adam, Wieringa, Jan J., Zippel, Elke Zippel and Abeli, Thomas. (2022). Selecting the best candidates for resurrecting extinct-in-the-wild plants from herbaria. Nature Plants 8: 1385-1393. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41477-022-01296-7 [Supplementary Tables S1-S6]

Christenhusz, Maarten J. M. and Govaerts, Rafaël. (2023). Uitgestorven. Op plantenjacht rond de wereld: 1-511. Sterck & De Vreese.

Christenhusz, Maarten J. M. and Govaerts, Rafaël. (2025). Plant extinction in the Anthropocene. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 207(3): 183-196. https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boae045 [Appendix S1]

Govaerts, R. (1999). World Checklist of Seed Plants 3(1, 2a & 2b): 1-1532. MIM, Deurne.

Govaerts, R., Frodin, D. G. and Radcliffe-Smith, A. (2000). World Checklist and Bibliography of Euphorbiaceae (and Pandaceae) 1-4: 1-1622. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Humphreys, Aelys M., Govaerts, Rafaël, Ficinski, Sarah Z., Lughadha, Eimear Nic and Vorontsova, Maria S. (2019). Global dataset shows geography and life form predict modern plant extinction and rediscovery. Nature Ecology & Evolution 3: 1043-1047. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-019-0906-2 [Supplementary Dataset 1]

POWO. (2024). Plants of the World Online (online resource). Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom. Available at: https://powo.science.kew.org/ [Accessed 13 October 2024]

Walter, Kerry S. and Gillett, Harriet J. (eds.). (1998). 1997 IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants. Compiled by the World Conservation Monitoring Centre. Gland, Switzerland & Cambridge, UK: IUCN – The World Conservation Union. lxiv + 862 pp.

WCMC (World Conservation Monitoring Centre). (1992). Global Biodiversity: Status of the Earth's living resources. London: Chapman & Hall. xx + 594 pp.

WCMC (World Conservation Monitoring Centre). (1996). Threatened plant database of the World Conservation Monitoring Centre. W.C.M.C., Cambridge, U.K.

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Croton anisatus Baill.

Taxonomy & Nomenclature

Conservation Status

Extinct (Humphreys et al., 2019)

Distribution

Madagascar

Biology & Ecology

Hypodigm

Media

References

Humphreys, Aelys M., Govaerts, Rafaël, Ficinski, Sarah Z., Lughadha, Eimear Nic and Vorontsova, Maria S. (2019). Global dataset shows geography and life form predict modern plant extinction and rediscovery. Nature Ecology & Evolution 3: 1043-1047. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-019-0906-2 [Supplementary Dataset 1]

WCSP (2003). World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet; http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/

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Croton grangerioides Bojer ex Baill.

Taxonomy & Nomenclature

Conservation Status

Rediscovered

Distribution

Mauritius, Mascarene Islands

Biology & Ecology

Hypodigm

Media

References

Berry, P.E., Kainulainen, K. & van Ee, B.W. (2017). A nomenclator of Croton (Euphorbiaceae) in Madagascar, the Comoros archipelago, and the Mascarene islands. PhytoKeys 90: 1-87.

Humphreys, Aelys M., Govaerts, Rafaël, Ficinski, Sarah Z., Lughadha, Eimear Nic and Vorontsova, Maria S. (2019). Global dataset shows geography and life form predict modern plant extinction and rediscovery. Nature Ecology & Evolution 3: 1043-1047. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-019-0906-2 [Supplementary Dataset 1]

WCSP (2003). World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet; http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/

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Croton magneticus Airy Shaw (1980:227)

Taxonomy & Nomenclature

Conservation Status

Last record: 1938 (Silcock et al., 2019:SM:13)

Rediscovered in: 1992 (Silcock et al., 2019:SM:13)

Was listed as Extinct by (WCMC, 1992:218).

Distribution & Habitat

Queensland (incl. Magnetic Island), Australia

Biology & Ecology

Hypodigm

Media

References

Original scientific description:

Airy Shaw, H. K. (1980). New or noteworthy Australian Euphorbiaceae - II. Muelleria 4(3): 227

Other references:

Ecosure. (2009). Prioritisation of high conservation status of offshore islands. Report to the Australian Government Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts. Prepared by Ecosure, Cairns, Queensland. xii + 368 pp.

Govaerts, R. (1999). World Checklist of Seed Plants 3(1, 2a & 2b): 1-1532. MIM, Deurne.

Govaerts, R., Frodin, D. G. and Radcliffe-Smith, A. (2000). World Checklist and Bibliography of Euphorbiaceae (and Pandaceae) 1-4: 1-1622. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Hnatiuk, R. J. (1990). Census of Australian vascular plants. Australian Flora and Fauna Series 11: 1-650.

Humphreys, Aelys M., Govaerts, Rafaël, Ficinski, Sarah Z., Lughadha, Eimear Nic and Vorontsova, Maria S. (2019). Global dataset shows geography and life form predict modern plant extinction and rediscovery. Nature Ecology & Evolution 3: 1043-1047. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-019-0906-2 [Supplementary Dataset 1]

Silcock, Jen L., Field, Ashley R., Walsh, Neville G. and Fensham, Roderick J. (2019). To name those lost: assessing extinction likelihood in the Australian vascular flora. Oryx 54(2): 167-177. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0030605318001357 [Supplementary Material]

WCMC (World Conservation Monitoring Centre). (1992). Global Biodiversity: Status of the Earth's living resources. London: Chapman & Hall. xx + 594 pp.

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