Glossotherium robustum (Owen, 1842)
Taxonomy & Nomenclature
Synonym/s: Mylodon robustus Owen, 1842 (original combination); Eumylodon robustus (Owen, 1842); Glossotherium robustus (Owen, 1842)
Conservation Status
Extinct
Last record: Late Pleistocene
Distribution
South America
Biology & Ecology
Hypodigm
Media
References
Original scientific description:
Owen, Richard. (1842). Description of the skeleton of an extinct gigantic sloth, Mylodon robustus, Owen, with observations on the osteology, natural affinities, and probable habits of the megatherioid quadruped in general: R. & J. E. Taylor, London, 176 pp.
Other references:
Ameghino, Florentino. (1904). Nuevas especies de mamíferos, cretáceos y terciarios de la República Argentina [New species of mammals, Cretaceous and Tertiarty, from the Argentine Republic], Anales de la Sociedad Cientifica Argentina 56-58: 1-142
Arzani, H. et al. (2014). Primer Registro de Pelos Fósiles en [i]Glossotherium robustum[/i] (Xenarthra, Mylodontidae), Pleistoceno Tardío, Mercedes, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Ameghiniana 51(6): 585-590.
Bombin, M. (1976). Modelo paleoecológico evolutivo para o Neoquaternário da região da Campanha-Oeste do Rio Grande do Sul (Brasil), A Formação Touro Passo, seu conteúdo fossilífero e a pedogênese pós-deposicional: Comunicações do Museu de Ciências da PUCRS 15: 1-90.
Boscaini, Alberto et al. (2018a). Phylogenetic and functional implications of the ear region anatomy of [i]Glossotherium robustum[/i] (Xenarthra, Mylodontidae) from the Late Pleistocene of Argentina. The Science of Nature 105: 28. [Abstract]
Boscaini, Alberto et al. (2018b). Digital Cranial Endocasts of the Extinct Sloth [i]Glossotherium robustum[/i] (Xenarthra, Mylodontidae) from the Late Pleistocene of Argentina: Description and Comparison with the Extant Sloths. Journal of Mammalian Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10914-018-9441-1
Brambilla, Luciano and Ibarra, Damián A. (2018). The occipital region of late Pleistocene Mylodontidae of Argentina. Boletín del Instituto de Fisiografía y Geología 88: @-@.
Dantas, Mário A. T., Campbell, Sean Cody and McDonald, H. Gregory. (2023). Paleoecological inferences about the Late Quaternary giant ground sloths from the Americas. Research Square preprint. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-2992768/v1
Fariña, Richard A., Tambusso, P. Sebastián, Varela, Luciano, Czerwonogora, Ada, Di Giacoma, Mariana, Musso, Marcos, Bracco, Roberto and Gascue, Andrés. (2014). Arroyo del Vizcaíno, Uruguay: a fossil-rich 30-ka-old megafaunal locality with cut-marked bones. Proc. R. Soc. B 281(1774): 20132211.
Fariña, Richard A., Vizcaíno, Sergio F. and Bargo, María S. (1998). Body mass estimations in Lujanian (late Pleistocene-Holocene of South America) mammal megafauna. Mastozoología Neotropical 5(2): 87-108.
Gallo, V. et al. (2013). Distributional patterns of herbivore megamammals during the Late Pleistocene of South America. An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc. 85(2): 533-546.
Hoffstetter, R. (1952). Les Mammiferes Pleistocenes de la Republique de L´Equateur, Memoires de la Societe Geologique de France 66: 1-391.
De Iuliis, Gerardo, Cartelle, Cástor, McDonald, H. Gregory and Pujos, François. (2017). The mylodontine ground sloth Glossotherium tropicum from the Late Pleistocene of Ecuador and Peru. Papers in Palaeontology 3(4): 613-636.
Kerber, Leonardo, Pitana, Vanessa Gregis, Ribeiro, Ana Maria, Hsiou, Annie Schmaltz and Oliveira, Edison V. (2014). Late Pleistocene vertebrates from Touro Passo Creek (Touro Passo Formation), southern Brazil: a review. Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas 31(2): 248-259.
Lopes, Renato Pereira et al. (2021). The Santa Vitória Alloformation: an update on a Pleistocene fossil-rich unit in Southern Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Geology 51(1): e2020065.
McAfee, R. K. (2009). Reassessment of the cranial characters of Glossotherium and Paramylodon (Mammalia: Xenarthra: Mylodontidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 155(4): 885-903.
McDonald, H. Gregory. (2023). A Tale of Two Continents (and a Few Islands): Ecology and Distribution of Late Pleistocene Sloths. Land 12(6): 1192. https://doi.org/10.3390/land12061192
Oliveira, E. V. (1992). Mamíferos fósseis do Quaternário do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil: Porto Alegre, Brasil, Programa de Pós Graduação em Geociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), M. Sc. thesis, 118 pp.
Patiño, Santiago et al. (2021). Finite element and morphological analysis in extant mammals’ claws and quaternary sloths’ ungual phalanges. Historical Biology 33(6): 857-867. [Abstract]
Pitana, V. G. (2011). Estudo do Gênero Glossotherium Owen, 1840 (Xenarthra, Tardigrada, Mylodontidae), Pleistoceno do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil: Porto Alegre, Brasil, Programa de Pós Graduação em Geociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), M. Sc. thesis, 183 pp.
Pitana, V.G., Esteban, G.I., Ribeiro, A.M. & Cartelle, C. (2013). Cranial and dental studies of Glossotherium robustum (Owen, 1842) (Xenarthra: Pilosa: Mylodontidae) from the Pleistocene of southern Brazil. Alcheringa 2013: 1-16. [Abstract]
Prates, Luciano and Perez, S. Ivan. (2021). Late Pleistocene South American megafaunal extinctions associated with rise of Fishtail points and human population. Nature Communications 12: 2175.
Smith F.A., Lyons S.K., Ernest S.K.M., Jones K.E., Kaufman D.M., Dayan T., Marquet P.A., Brown J.H., Haskell J.P. 2003 Body mass of late Quaternary mammals. Ecology 84(12), 3403-3403.
Ubilla M., Perea D., Goso Aguilar C., Lorenzo N. 2004 Late Pleistocene vertebrates from northern Uruguay: tools for biostratigraphic, climatic and environmental reconstruction. Quaternary International 114(1), 129-142.
Varela, Luciano, Clavijo, Lucía, Tambusso, P. Sebastián and Fariña, Richard A. (2023). A window into a late Pleistocene megafauna community: Stable isotopes show niche partitioning among herbivorous taxa at the Arroyo del Vizcaíno site (Uruguay). Quaternary Science Reviews 317: 108286. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2023.108286
Varela, Luciano and Fariña, Richard A. (2016). Co-occurrence of mylodontid sloths and insights on their potential distributions during the late Pleistocene. Quaternary Research 85(1): 66-74. doi:10.1016/j.yqres.2015.11.009 [Abstract]
Varela, Luciano and Tambusso, P. Sebastián. (2023). 3D models related to the publication: 3D Finite Element Analysis and Geometric Morphometrics of Sloths (Xenarthra, Folivora) Mandibles Show Insights on the Dietary Specializations of Fossil Taxa. Journal of South American Earth Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsames.2023.104445
Varela, Luciano, Tambusso, P. Sebastián, Patiño, Santiago J., Di Giacomo, Mariana and Fariña, Richard A. (2017). Potential Distribution of Fossil Xenarthrans in South America during the Late Pleistocene: co-Occurrence and Provincialism. Journal of Mammalian Evolution. [Abstract]
https://extinctanimals.proboards.com/thread/16758/glossotherium-robustum