Crataegus austromontana Beadle (1899:412)
Valley Head hawthorn
Taxonomy & Nomenclature
Conservation Status
Missing (NatureServe, 2026) or Extinct (Knapp et al., 2021; Albani Rocchetti et al., 2022; POWO, 2024; Christenhusz & Govaerts, 2025)
Last record: 1916 (Knapp et al., 2021; Christenhusz & Govaerts, 2025; NatureServe, 2026)
Distribution & Habitat
Alabama & Tennessee, USA
Biology & Ecology
Hypodigm
Media
References
Albani Rocchetti, Giulia, Carta, Angelino, Mondoni, Andrea, Godefroid, Sandrine, Davis, Charles C., Caneva, Giulia, Albrecht, Matthew A., Alvarado, Karla, Bijmoer, Roxali, Borosova, Renata, Bräuchler, Christian, Breman, Elinor, Briggs, Marie, Buord, Stephane, Cave, Lynette H., Da Silva, Nílber Gonçalves, Davey, Alexandra H., Davies, Rachael M., Dickie, John B., Fabillo, Melodina, Fleischmann, Andreas, Franks, Andrew, Hall, Geoffrey, Kantvilas, Gintaras, Klak, Cornelia, Liu, Udayangani, Medina, Leopoldo, Reinhammar, Lars Gunnar, Sebola, Ramagwai J., Schönberger, Ines, Sweeney, Patrick, Voglmayr, Hermann, White, Adam, Wieringa, Jan J., Zippel, Elke Zippel and Abeli, Thomas. (2022). Selecting the best candidates for resurrecting extinct-in-the-wild plants from herbaria. Nature Plants 8: 1385-1393. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41477-022-01296-7 [Supplementary Tables S1-S6]
Bailey, C. et al. (2015). Guide to the Vascular Plants of Tennessee: 1-813. University of Tennessee Press.
Chester, W. C., Wofford, B. E., Estes, D. and Bailey D. (2009). A fifth checklist of the Tennessee Vascular Plants. BRIT Press, Fort Worth, TX. 102 pp.
Christenhusz, M. and Govaerts, R. (2023). Uitgestorven. Op plantenjacht rond de wereld: 1-511. Sterck & De Vreese.
Christenhusz, Maarten J. M. and Govaerts, Rafaël. (2025). Plant extinction in the Anthropocene. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 207(3): 183-196. https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boae045 [Appendix S1]
Flora of North America Editorial Committee (FNA). (2014). Flora of North America north of Mexico. Vol. 9. Magnoliophyta: Picramniaceae to Rosaceae. Oxford University Press, New York. xxiv + 713 pp.
Kartesz, J. T. (1994). A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
Knapp, Wesley M., Frances, Anne, Noss, Reed, Naczi, Robert F. C., Weakley, Alan, Gann, George D., Baldwin, Bruce G., Miller, James, McIntyre, Patrick, Mishler, Brent D., Moore, Gerry, Olmstead, Richard G., Strong, Anna, Kennedy, Kathryn, Heidel, Bonnie and Gluesenkamp, Daniel. (2021). Vascular plant extinction in the continental United States and Canada. Conservation Biology 35(1): 360-368. https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.13621 [Supporting Information (Appendix S1)]
Kral, R., Diamond, A. R., Ginzbarg, S. L., Hansen, C. J., Haynes, R. R., Keener, B. R., Lelong, M. G., Spaulding, D. D. and Woods, M. (2011). Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Alabama: 1-112. Botanical reseach institute of Texas.
Lance, R. (2014a). The hawthorns of the southeastern United States. Published by the author, Fletcher, NC. 136 pp.
Lance, R. (2014b). Haws: A Guide to Hawthorns of the Southeastern United States. Ron Lance, Mills River, NC, 518 pp.
NatureServe. (2026). Crataegus austromontana: Valley Head Hawthorn. NatureServe Network Biodiversity Location Data accessed through NatureServe Explorer [web application]. NatureServe, Arlington, Virginia. Available at: https://explorer.natureserve.org/ [Accessed on 21 August 2026]
Phipps, J. A. (2014). Crataegus, pp. 491-643. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee, eds. 1993+, Flora of North America North of Mexico. 19+ vols. New York and Oxford. Vol. 9.
POWO. (2024). Plants of the World Online (online resource). Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom. Available at: https://powo.science.kew.org/ [Accessed 12 July 2024]
Weakley, A. S. (2020). Flora of the Southeastern United States. 20 October 2020 Edition. University of North Carolina Herbarium (NCU), North Carolina Botanical Garden, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.