Adenophorus periens L.E.Bishop (1974:232)
Pendent kihi fern
Taxonomy & Nomenclature
Conservation Status
Last record: 2014 (Chau et al., 2016; Wood et al., 2019); 2016 (Nyberg et al., 2023)
Rediscovered in 2021 (Nyberg et al., 2023)
IUCN RedList status: Critically Endangered (Possibly Extinct)
Distribution
Kaua'i, Moloka'i & Hawai'i, Hawaiian Islands, USA
Biology & Ecology
Hypodigm
Media
References
Chau, M., Sporck-Koehler, M., Bruegmann, M., Sugii, N., Kwon, J., Portner, T., Caraway, V. L. and Weisenberger, L. (2016). Adenophorus periens. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T78772698A78773840. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T78772698A78773840.en. Downloaded on 16 November 2016.
Hassler, Michael. (2004-2023). World Ferns. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World. Version 17.2; last update Oct. 20th, 2023. Available at: https://www.worldplants.de/ferns/ [Accessed 28 October 2023]
Hawaii Division of Forestry and Wildlife. (1992). Kahaualea Natural Area Reserve management plan. Department of Land and Natural Resources, State of Hawaii, Division of Forestry and Wildlife, Honolulu, HI.
Lorence, D. H. and Flynn, T. (1991). Botanical survey of Wahiawa drainage, Kauai. Department of Land and Natural Resources, Division of Forestry and Wildlife. Lihue, Hawaii. 195 pages. Unpublished.
Lorence, D. H. and Flynn, T. (1993). Botanical survey of the upper Waioli Valley, Kauai. State of Hawaii, Department of Land and Natural Resources, Lihue, Hawaii. 81 pages. Unpublished.
National Tropical Botanical Garden. (2009). Report on controlled propagation of listed and candidate species, as designated under the U.S. Endangered Species Act. Unpublished.
National Tropical Botanical Garden. (2013). Report on controlled propagation of listed and candidate species, as designated under the U.S. Endangered Species Act. Unpublished.
National Tropical Botanical Garden. (2014). Report on controlled propagation of listed and candidate species, as designated under the U.S. Endangered Species Act. Unpublished.
Nyberg, Benjamin et al. (2023). Recent notable plant records and rediscoveries from Kaua‘i, Hawaiian Islands. Records of the Hawaii Biological Survey for 2022. Edited by Neal L.
Evenhuis. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers 148: 163-168.
Palmer, Daniel D. (2003). Hawaii’s Ferns and Fern Allies. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu.
Perlman, S. (2008). Adenophorus periens field notes. National Tropical Botanical Garden.
Plant Extinction Prevention Program. (2011). Program annual report, fiscal year 2011 (July 1, 2010 - June 30, 2011).
Plant Extinction Prevention Program. (2014). Program annual report, fiscal year 2014 (July 1, 2013-June 30, 2014). Unpublished.
Plant Extinction Prevention Program. (2015). Plant Extinction Prevention Program progress report, fiscal year 2015, qtr 1-2 (July 1, 2014-December 31, 2014). Unpublished report submitted to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office, Honolulu, Hawaii.
Plant Extinction Prevention Program (PEPP). (2012). Program annual report, fiscal year 2012 (July 1, 2011 - June 30, 2012).
Ranker, T. A. (1994). Evolution of high genetic variability in the rare Hawaiian fern Adenophorus periens and implications for conservation management. Biological Conservation 70(1): 19-24.
Ranker, T. A., Geiger, J. M. O., Kennedy, S. C., Smith, A. R., Haufler, C. H. and Parris, B. S. (2003). Molecular phylogenetics and evolution of the endemic Hawaiian genus Adenophorus (Grammitidaceae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 26(3): 337-347.
TenBruggencate, J. (2007). Area near Hawaii Island volcano closed to public; volcano stirring. Honolulu Advertiser.
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. (1999). Recovery Plan for the Multi-Island Plants. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Portland, Oregon. 206pp. + appendices.
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). (1994). Endangered and threatened wildlife and plants endangered status for 12 plants from the Hawaiian Islands; final rule. Federal Register 59(217): 56333-56351.
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). (2003a). Endangered and threatened wildlife and plants; designation of critical habitat for 60 plant species from the islands of Maui and Kahoolawe (Hawaii); final rule. Federal Register 68(93): 25934 - 26165.
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). (2003b). Endangered and threatened wildlife and plants; final designation and nondesignation of critical habitat for 46 plant species from the island of Hawaii, HI; final rule. Federal Register 68(127): 39624-39761.
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). (2003c). Endangered and threatened wildlife and plants; final designation of critical habitat for three plant species from the island of Lanai, Hawaii; final rule. Federal Register 68(6): 1220-1274.
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). (2003d). Endangered and threatened wildlife and plants: final designation or nondesignation of critical habitat for 101 plant species from the island of Oahu, HI; final rule. Federal Register 68(116): 35949-35998.
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). (2003e). Endangered and threatened wildlife and plants; final designation or nondesignation of critical habitat for 95 plant species from the islands of Kauai and Niihau, Hawaii; final rule. Federal Register 68(39): 9116-9479.
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). (2003f). Endangered and threatened wildlife and plants; final designations and nondesignations of critical habitat for 42 plant species from the island of Molokai, Hawaii; final rule. Federal Register 68(52): 12982-13141.
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). (2010). Adenophorus periens 5-year review short form summary. Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office, Honolulu, HI.
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). (2012). Endangered and threatened wildlife and plants; listing 38 species on Molokai, Lanai, and Maui as endangered and designating critical habitat on Molokai, Lanai, Maui, and Kahoolawe for 135 species; proposed rule. Federal Register 77(122): 34464-34775.
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). (2015). Adenophorus periens 5-year review short form summary. Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office, Honolulu, HI.
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). (2016). Endangered and threatened wildlife and plants; designation and nondesignation of critical habitat on Molokai, Lanai, Maui, and Kahoolawe for 135 species; final rule. Federal Register 81(61): 17789-18110.
Wagner, W., Herbst, D. and Sohmer S. (1999). Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawaii. Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum Special Publication 91: 1-1918.
Weisenberger, L. and Keir, M. (2014). Assessing Status, Capacity, and Needs for the Ex Situ Conservation of the Hawaiian Flora. Pacific Science 68(4): 525–536.
Wood, K. R. (1998). Notes on the flora of Upper Wainiha Valley, Kauai, Hawaii (1500- 2170 ft elev.). National Tropical Botanical Garden, Kalaheo, Hawaii.
Wood, K. R. (2007). Notes on the flora of Wainiha and Alakai, Kauai, Hawaii , biological report. The Nature Conservancy and the Kauai Watershed Alliance, Lihue, Kauai, Hawaii.
Wood, K. R. (2008). Summary of field notes for Adenophorus periens. National Tropical Botanical Garden, Kalaheo, Hawaii.
Wood, Kenneth R., Oppenheimer, Hank and Keir, Matthew. (2019). A checklist of endemic Hawaiian vascular plant taxa that are considered possibly extinct in the wild. National Tropical Botanical Garden, Technical Report #314.
https://vanishingflora.proboards.com/thread/3476/adenophorus-periens
<< Back to the Polypodiidae (Leptosporangiate Ferns) database