Pyrocephalus dubius Gould & Gray, 1839
San Cristóbal vermilion flycatcher, Least vermilion flycatcher
Taxonomy & Nomenclature
Synonym/s: Pyrocephalus rubinus dubius Gould & Gray, 1839; Pyrocephalus nanus dubius Gould & Gray, 1839
Raised to specific status by (Carmi et al., 2016).
Conservation Status
Missing
Last record: 1980's; 2016 (source)
IUCN RedList status: Extinct
Distribution
San Cristóbal, Galápagos Islands, Ecuador
Biology & Ecology
Hypodigm
Media
References
Original scientific description:
Gould 1839 Zool.Voy.Beagle[Darwin] pt3 no.9 p.46
Other references:
Billerman, S. M., Keeney, B. K., Rodewald, P. G., & Schulenberg, T. S. (2022). Birds of the world. Retrieved from https://birdsoftheworld.org/bow/home
BirdLife International. 2016. Pyrocephalus dubius. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T103682916A104081798. Downloaded on 16 December 2016.
BirdLife International. 2017. Pyrocephalus dubius (amended version of 2016 assessment). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017: e.T103682916A119211257. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T103682916A119211257.en. Accessed on 02 July 2022.
Carmi, Ore, Witt, Christopher C., Jaramillo, Alvaro and Dumbacher, John P. (2016). Phylogeography of the Vermilion Flycatcher species complex: multiple speciation events, shifts in migratory behavior, and an apparent extinction of a Galápagos-endemic bird species. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 102: 152-173. [Abstract]
Dvorak, Michael et al. (2019). Survival and extinction of breeding landbirds on San Cristóbal, a highly degraded island in the Galápagos. Bird Conservation International. doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0959270919000285 [Abstract]
De Benedictis, P. (1966) The flight song display of two taxa of Vermilion Flycatcher, genus Pyrocephalus. The Condor 68:306-307.
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A., Fishpool, L.D.C., Boesman, P. and Kirwan, G.M. (2016). HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 2: Passerines. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
del Hoyo, J.; Elliott, A.; Christie, D. 2004. Handbook of the Birds of the World, vol. 9: Cotingas to Pipits and Wagtails. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona, Spain.
del Hoyo, J., et al. (2020) Birds of the World. Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA
Freile, J.F. Santander, T., Jiménez-Uzcátegui, G., Carrasco, L., Cisneros-Heredia, D., Guevara, E., Sánchez-Nivicela, M., Tinoco, B. (2019) Lista Roja de las aves del Ecuador Quito, Ecuador. 97 pp.
Gifford, E.W. (1913) The birds of the Galápagos Islands, with observations on the birds of Cocos and Clipperton Islands (Columbiformes to Pelicaniformes). Expedition of the California Academy of Science, 1905 -1906. Part VIII. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, ser. 4, 2(1): 1-132.
Harris, M.P. (1973) The Galápagos avifauna. Condor 75(3): 265-278.
Jiménez-Uzcátegui, G. Milstead, B., Márquez, C., Zabala, J., Buitrón, P., Llerena, A., et al. (2007) Galapagos vertebrates: endangered status and conservation actions. Galapagos Report 2006–2007. Charles Darwin Foundation, Puerto Ayora, p. 104–110.
Merlen, Godfrey. (2013). Gone, gone…going: The fate of the vermilion flycatcher on Darwin’s Islands, pp. 180-188. In: Galapagos Report 2011-2012. GNPS, GCREG, CDF and GC. Puerto Ayora, Galapagos, Ecuador.
Salvin, O. (1876) On the avifauna of the Galápagos Archipelago. Transactions of the Zoological Society of London 9: 447-510.
Sayol, Ferran, Steinbauer, Manuel J., Blackburn, Tim M., Antonelli, Alexandre and Faurby, Søren. (2020). Anthropogenic extinctions conceal widespread evolution of flightlessness in birds. Science Advances 6(49): eabb6095. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abb6095 [Supplementary Material (Data File S1)]
Sundevall, C.J. (1871) On birds from the Galápagos Islands. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1871: 124-129.
Swarth, H.S. (1931) The Avifauna of the Galapagos Islands. Occ. Pap. Calif. Acad. Sci. 18: 1-299.
Vargas, Hernán. (1996). What is happening with the avifauna of San Cristobal. Notícias de Galápagos 57: 23-24.
Wiedenfeld, D. A. (2006). Aves, the Galápagos Islands, Ecuador. Check List 2: 1-27.
https://www.durrell.org/latest/news/the-first-bird-extinction-in-galapagos/
https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/extinction-countdown/first-bird-extinction-galapagos/