Pseudonestor xanthophrys Rothschild, 1893:36
Maui parrotbill, kiwikiu
Taxonomy & Nomenclature
Conservation Status
Last record: 1895
Rediscovered in 1950
IUCN status: Critically Endangered
Distribution
Maui, Hawaiian Islands, USA
Biology & Ecology
Hypodigm
Media
References
Original scientific description:
Rothschild, Walter. (1893). ["a new genus and species of Fringilline bird from the Sandwich Islands"]. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club 1: 35-36.
Other references:
Banko, Winston E. (1968). Rediscovery of Maui nukupuu, Hemignathus lucidus affinis, and sighting of Maui parrotbill, Pseudonestor xanthophrys, Kipahulu Valley, Maui, Hawaii. The Condor 70(3): 265-266.
Becker, C. D. , H. L. Mounce , T. A. Rassmussen , A. Rauch-Sasseen , K. J. Swinnerton , and D. L. Leonard. 2010. Nest success and parental investment in the critically endangered Maui parrotbill Pseudonestor xanthophrys with implications for recovery. Endangered Species Research 11: 189–194.
BirdLife International. 2016. Pseudonestor xanthophrys. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T22720753A94681687. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22720753A94681687.en. Downloaded on 14 February 2017.
Lockwood, J. L.; Greene, J. E.; Wakelee, K.; VanGelder, E.; Ashe, S.; Aburomia, R. 1994. A description of Maui Parrotbill Pseudonester xanthophrys nests and nesting behavior. 'Elepaio 54(10): 61-64.
Loope, L. L.; Medeiros, A. C. 1995. Strategies for long-term protection of biological diversity in rainforests of Haleakala National Park and East Maui, Hawaii. Endangered Species Update 12: 1-5.
Maxfield, B. 2000. Hawaiian bird chick is a first. Endangered Species Bulletin 25: 22.
Mounce, H. 2008. What threat do native avian predators pose to Hawaiian Honeycreepers? Two cases of predation by Pueo (Asio flammeus sandwichensis). Journal of the Hawaii Audubon Society 68(3): 19-21.
Mounce, H.; Leonard, D. L.; Swinnerton, K. J.; Becker, C. D.; Berthold, L. K.; Iknayan, K. J.; Groombridge, J. J. 2013. Determining productivity of Maui Parrotbills, an endangered Hawaiian honeycreeper. Journal of Field Ornithology 84(1): 32-39.
Mounce, H.L., Iknayan, K.J., Leonard, D.L., Swinnerton, K.J. and Groombridge, J.J. 2014. Management implications derived from long term re-sight data: Annual survival of the Maui Parrotbill Pseudonestor xanthophrys. Bird Conservation International 24(3): 316-326.
Mountainspring, S. 1987. Ecology, behavior, and conservation of the Maui Parrotbill. Condor 89: 24-39.
Morrison, Leila. (2023). Assessment of Habitat Change for the Critically Endangered Kiwikiu. University of Hawaiʻi, unpublished report. https://hdl.handle.net/10125/105178
Pratt, H. D. 1994. Avifaunal change in the Hawaiian Islands, 1893-1993. Studies in Avian Biology 15: 103-118.
Pratt, T. K.; Simon, J. C.; Farm, B. P.; Berlin, K. E.; Kowalsky, J. R. 2001. Home range and territoriality of two Hawaiian Honeycreepers, the 'Akohekohe and Maui Parrotbill. Condor 103: 746-755.
Scheffers, Brett R., Yong, Ding Li, Harris, J. Berton C., Giam, Xingli and Sodhi, Navjot S. (2011). The world’s rediscovered species: back from the brink? PLoS ONE 6(7): e22531. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022531 [Supporting Information (Table S1)]
Scott, J.M., Mountainspring, S., Ramsey, F.L. and Kepler, C.B. 1986. Forest bird communities of the Hawaiian Islands: their dynamics, ecology, and conservation. Cooper Ornithological Society, California.
Simon, J. C.; Baker, P. E.; Baker, H. 1997. Maui Parrotbill (Pseudonestor xanthophrys). In: Poole, A.; Gill, F. (ed.), The birds of North America, No. 311, pp. 1-16. The Academy of Natural Sciences and The American Ornithologists' Union, Philadelphia and Washington, DC.
Simon, J. C.; Pratt, T. K.; Berlin, K. E.; Kowalsky, J. R. 2000. Reproductive ecology of the Maui Parrotbill. Wilson Bulletin 112: 482-490.
Stone, C. P.; Loope, L. L. 1987. Reducing negative effects of introduced animals on native biotas in Hawai'i: what is being done, what needs doing, and the role of national parks. Environmental Conservation 14: 245-258.
U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2006. Revised Recovery Plan for Hawaiian Forest Birds. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Honolulu, Hawaii.
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). (2016). Endangered and threatened wildlife and plants; designation and nondesignation of critical habitat on Molokai, Lanai, Maui, and Kahoolawe for 135 species; final rule. Federal Register 81(61): 17789-18110.
VanderWerf, E.A. 2012. Hawaiian Bird Conservation Action Plan. Pacific Rim Conservation, Honolulu, HI.
Warren C.C., Motyka P.J. and Mounce H.L. 2015. Home range sizes of two Hawaiian honeycreepers: implications for proposed translocation efforts. J. Field Ornithol. 86: 305-316.