Loxops ochraceus Rothschild, 1893
Maui 'akepa
Taxonomy & Nomenclature
Synonym/s: Loxops coccineus ochracea Rothschild, 1893; Loxops coccineus ochraceus Rothschild, 1893
Conservation Status
Missing
Last record: 1988 (Martin et al., 2023; Kittelberger et al., 2024)
IUCN RedList status: Critically Endangered (Possibly Extinct)
Distribution
Maui, Hawaiian Islands, USA
Biology & Ecology
Hypodigm
Media
References
Original scientific description:
Rothschild, Walter. (1893). Descriptions of Three new Birds from the Sandwich Islands. Ibis (6) 5(17): 112-114.
Other references:
BirdLife International. (2016). Loxops ochraceus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T103824084A104236054. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T103824084A104236054.en. Downloaded on 17 December 2016.
BirdLife International. 2018. Loxops ochraceus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2018: e.T103824084A130691117. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T103824084A130691117.en. Accessed on 24 July 2022.
Butchart, Stuart H. M., Lowe, Stephen, Martin, Rob W., Symes, Andy, Westrip, James R. S. and Wheatley, Hannah. (2018a). Which bird species have gone extinct? A novel quantitative classification approach. Biological Conservation 227: 9-18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2018.08.014
Butchart, Stuart H. M., Wheatley, Hannah, Lowe, Stephen, Westrip, James R. S., Symes, Andy and Martin, Rob W. (2018b). Data for: Which bird species have gone extinct? A novel quantitative classification approach. Mendeley Data, V1, doi: 10.17632/vvjhpmyxb4.1
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A., Fishpool, L.D.C., Boesman, P. and Kirwan, G.M. 2016. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 2: Passerines. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
Elphick, Chris S., Roberts, David L. and Reed, J. Michael. (2010). Estimated dates of recent extinctions for North American and Hawaiian birds. Biological Conservation 143: 617-624.
Engilis, A., Jr. 1990. Field notes on native forest birds in the Hanawi Natural Area Reserve, Maui. 'Elepaio 58 (8): 67-72.
Hume Julian Pender and Walters, Michael. (2012). Extinct Birds. London: T & AD Poyser. 544 pp.
James, Helen F. (2004). The osteology and phylogeny of the Hawaiian finch radiation (Fringillidae: Drepanidini), including extinct taxa. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 141: 207-255, 17 figs.
Kittelberger, Kyle D., Tanner, Colby J., Buxton, Amy N., Prewett, Amira and Şekercioğlu, Çağan Hakkı. (2024). Correlates of avian extinction timing around the world since 1500 CE. Avian Research 15: 100213. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avrs.2024.100213 [Supplementary data (List of 216 taxa)]
Knox, Alan G. and Walters, Michael P. (1994). Extinct and endangered birds in the collections of The Natural History Museum. British Ornithologists' Club Occasional Publications 1: 1-292. [pp. 243-244]
Lepson, J. K. and Freed, L. A. (1997). 'Akepa (Loxops coccineus). In: Poole, A.; Gill, F. (ed.), The birds of North America, No. 294, pp. 1-24. The Academy of Natural Sciences and The American Ornithologists' Union, Philadelphia and Washington, DC.
Martin, Thomas E., Bennett, Gareth C., Fairbairn, Andrew J. and Mooers, A. Ø. (2023). ‘Lost’ taxa and their conservation implications. Animal Conservation 26(1): 14-24. https://doi.org/10.1111/acv.12788 [Appendix S2 (1617 taxa not seen >10 years); Appendix S3 (562 taxa not seen >50 years)]
Pratt, H. D. (2010). Family Drepanididae (Hawaiian honeycreepers). Pp. 618-659 in del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A. & Christie, D. A. (eds). Handbook of the Birds of the World. Volume 15. Weavers to New World warblers. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions.
Reynolds, M.H., and T.J. Snetsinger. 2001. The Hawai‘I Rare Bird Search 1994—1996. Studies in Avian Biology 22: 133-143.
Roberts, D. L. and Jarić, I. (2016). Inferring extinction in North American and Hawaiian birds in the presence of sighting uncertainty. PeerJ 4: e2426.
Suckling, Kieran, Slack, Rhiwena and Nowicki, Brian. (2004). Extinct and the Endangered Species Act. Centre For Biological Diversity. 63 pp.
http://extinctanimals.proboards.com/thread/8855/loxops-ochraceus-maui-akepa
https://globally-threatened-bird-forums.birdlife.org/akepa-loxops-coccineus-is-being-split-list-l-ochraceus-as-critically-endangered-possibly-extinct-and-l-wolstenholmei-as-extinct/