Hemignathus ellisiana stejnegeri Wilson, 1889:400
Kaua'i akialoa
Taxonomy & Nomenclature
Synonym/s: Hemignathus ellisianus stejnegeri Wilson, 1889:400; Hemignathus stejnegeri Wilson, 1889:400; Akialoa stejnegeri Wilson, 1889:400; Hemignathus procerus Cabanis, 1889:331; Hemignathus obscurus procerus Cabanis, 1889:331
Conservation Status
Extinct
Last record: July 1960 (specimen collected; Richardson & Bowles, 1964); 1965 (1969?) (sighting; Olson & James, 1995:385)
IUCN RedList status: Extinct
Distribution
Kaua'i, Hawaiian Islands, USA
Biology & Ecology
Hypodigm
[url=http://nlbif.eti.uva.nl/naturalis/detail.php?lang=uk&id=6]RMNH 110.021[/url] (male)
[url=http://nlbif.eti.uva.nl/naturalis/detail.php?lang=uk&id=6]RMNH 110.022[/url] (female
[url=http://nlbif.eti.uva.nl/naturalis/detail.php?lang=uk&id=6]RMNH 110.023[/url] (male)
Media
References
Original scientific description:
Wilson, S. B. (1889). On three undescribed species of the genus Hemignathus, Lichtenstein. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, series 6, 4: 400-402.
Other references:
Amante-Helweg, V.L.U., Pratt, L.W. and Pratt, T.K. 2009. Hawaiian pronunciation guide and glossary. In: Pratt, T.K., Atkinson, C.T., Banko, P.C., Jacobi, J.D. and Woodworth, B.L. (eds), Conservation Biology of Hawaiian Forest Birds: Implications for Island Avifauna, pp. 581-590. Yale University Press, New Haven.
AOU. 1998. Check-list of North American birds. American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, D.C.
BirdLife International. (2000). Threatened Birds of the World. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona and Cambridge.
BirdLife International. 2016. Akialoa stejnegeri. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T103823250A104332223. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T103823250A104332223.en. Accessed on 04 July 2022.
BirdLife International. 2017. Akialoa stejnegeri (amended version of 2017 assessment). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017: e.T103823250A119550506. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T103823250A119550506.en. Accessed on 02 July 2022.
Burney, David A. et al. (2001). Fossil evidence for a diverse biota from Kaua'i and its transformation since human arrival. Ecological Monographs 71(4): 615-641.
Cabanis, J. 1890. [Description of Hemignathus procerus]. Journal fur Ornithologie 37 [for October 1889]: 331.
Collar, N. J.; Crosby, M. J.; Stattersfield, A. J. 1994. Birds to watch 2: the world list of threatened birds. BirdLife International, Cambridge, U.K.
Day, David. (1981). The Doomsday Book of Animals: A Natural History of Vanished Species. New York, N.Y.: The Viking Press.
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A., Fishpool, L.D.C., Boesman, P. and Kirwan, G.M. 2016. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 2: Passerines. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
Ehrlich, Paul R., Dobkin, David S. and Wheye, Darryl. (1992). Birds in Jeopardy: The Imperiled and Extinct Birds of the United States and Canada, Including Hawaii and Puerto Rico. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press. 259 pp.
Elphick, Chris S., Roberts, David L. and Reed, J. Michael. (2010). Estimated dates of recent extinctions for North American and Hawaiian birds. Biological Conservation 143: 617-624.
Ghiraldi, Luca and Aimassi, Giorgio. (2019). Extinct and endangered (‘E&E’) birds in the ornithological collection of the Museum of Zoology of Torino University, Italy. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club 139(1): 28-45.
Gorresen, P.M., Camp, R.J., Reynolds, M.H., Woodworth, B.L. and Pratt, T.K. 2009. Status and trends of native Hawaiian songbirds. In: Pratt, T.K., Atkinson, C.T., Banko, P.C., Jacobi, J.D. and Woodworth, B.L. (eds), Conservation Biology of Hawaiian Forest Birds: Implications for Island Avifauna, pp. 108-136. Yale University Press, New Haven.
Greenway James C. (1967). Extinct and Vanishing Birds of the World. American Committee for International Wild Life Protection, Special Publication no 13, 2nd edn. Dover Publications, New York.
James, Helen F. (2004). The osteology and phylogeny of the Hawaiian finch radiation (Fringillidae: Drepanidini), including extinct taxa. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 141: 207-255, 17 figs.
Knox, Alan G. and Walters, Michael P. (1994). Extinct and endangered birds in the collections of The Natural History Museum. British Ornithologists' Club Occasional Publications 1: 1-292. [pp. 246-247]
Olson, Storrs L. and James, Helen F. (1988). Nomenclature of the Kauai Amakihi and Kauai Akialoa (Drepanidini). Elepaio 48(2): 13-14.
Olson, Storrs L. and James, Helen F. (1995). Nomenclature of the Hawaiian Akialoas and Nukupuus (Aves: Drepanidini). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 108(3): 373-387.
Richardson, F. and Bowles, J. (1964). A survey of the birds of Kauai, Hawaii. Bernice P. Bishop Museum Bulletin 227: 1-51.
Roberts, D. L. and Jarić, I. (2016). Inferring extinction in North American and Hawaiian birds in the presence of sighting uncertainty. PeerJ 4: e2426.
Sayol, Ferran, Steinbauer, Manuel J., Blackburn, Tim M., Antonelli, Alexandre and Faurby, Søren. (2020). Anthropogenic extinctions conceal widespread evolution of flightlessness in birds. Science Advances 6(49): eabb6095. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abb6095 [Supplementary Material (Data File S1)]
Scott, J. M., S. Mountainspring, F. L. Ramsey and C. B. Kepler. (1986). Forest bird communities of the Hawaiian Islands: their dynamics, ecology, and conservation. Studies in Avian Biology 9: 1-31.
Scott, J. M., F. L. Ramsey, M. Lammertink, K. V. Rosenberg, R. Rohrbaugh, J. A. Wiens, and J. M. Reed. (2008). When is an “extinct” species really extinct? Gauging the search efforts for Hawaiian forest birds and the Ivory-billed Woodpecker. Avian Conservation and Ecology - Écologie et conservation des oiseaux 3(2): 3.
Scott, Peter (ed.). (1965). Preliminary List of Rare Mammals and Birds, pp. 155-237. In: The Launching of a New Ark. First Report of the President and Trustees of the World Wildlife Fund. An International Foundation for saving the world's wildlife and wild places 1961-1964. London: Collins.
Stattersfield, A.J., Crosby, M.J., Long, A.J. and Wege, D.C. 1998. Endemic bird areas of the world: priorities for bird conservation. BirdLife International, Cambridge, U.K.
Tyrberg, Tommy. (2009). Holocene avian extinctions, pp. 63-106. In: Turvey, Samuel T. (ed.). Holocene Extinctions. Oxford, UK & New York, USA: Oxford University Press. xii + 352 pp.
Woodworth, B.L., Lieberman, A.A., Nelson, J.T. and Fretz, J.S. 2009. Puaiohi. In: Pratt, T.K., Atkinson, C.T., Banko, P.C., Jacobi, J.D. and Woodworth, B.L. (eds), Conservation Biology of Hawaiian Forest Birds: Implications for Island Avifauna, pp. 499-512. Yale University Press, New Haven.