Gracupica jalla (Horsfield, 1821)
Javan pied starling
Taxonomy & Nomenclature
Conservation Status
Possibly Extinct in the Wild (BirdLife International, 2025) or Extinct in the Wild (Nijman, 2021)
Last wild record: 2000-2013 (BirdLife International, 2025)
IUCN RedList status: Critically Endangered (Possibly Extinct in the Wild)
Distribution & Habitat
Java, Indonesia
Biology & Ecology
Hypodigm
Media
References
Original scientific description:
Horsfield, T. (1821). XIV. Systematic arrangement and description of birds from the Island of Java. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 13(1): 133-200.
Other references:
Baveja, P., Garg, K. M., Chattopadhyay, B. et al. (2020). Using historical genome-wide DNA to unravel the confused taxonomy in a songbird lineage that is extinct in the wild. Evolutionary Applications. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.13149
Bernstein, H. A. (1861). Ueber Nester und Eier javascher Vögel. Journal für Ornithologie 9: 113-128.
Collar, Nigel J. and Wirth, Roland. (2022). Conservation breeding and the most threatened (song)birds in Asia—ten years on. BirdingASIA 37: 23-41.
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N. J., Christie, D. A., Elliott, A., Fishpool, L. D. C., Boesman, P. and Kirwan, G. M. (2016). HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 2: Passerines. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
Eaton, J. A., Shepherd, C. R., Rheindt, F. E., Harris, J. B. C., van Balen, S. B., Wilcove, D. S. and Collar, Nigel J. (2015). Trade-driven extinctions and near-extinctions of avian taxa in Sundaic Indonesia. Forktail 31: 1-12.
Eaton, J. A., van Balen, B., Brickle, N. W. and Rheindt, F. E. (2016). Birds of the Indonesian Archipelago. Greater Sundas and Wallacea. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions.
Nijman, V., Campera, M., Ardiansyah, A., Balestri, M., Bizri, H. R. E., Budiadi, B., Dewi, T., Hedger, K., Hendrik, R., Imron, M. A., et al. (2021). Large-Scale Trade in a Songbird That Is Extinct in the Wild. Diversity 13(6): 238. https://doi.org/10.3390/d13060238
Spennemann, A. W. (1907). Über javanische Käfigvögel. Gefied. Welt 36: 6-7, 12-13, 21-22, 28-29, 35-36, 44.
Spennemann, A. W. (1935). Etwas über Natur- und Vogelschutz auf Java. Kócsag 8: 54-61.
ter Pelkwijk J. J. (1953). Brief uit Indië. Trop. Natuur 33: 40-44.
van Balen, B. and Collar, Nigel J. (2021). The Vanishing Act: A History and Natural History of the Javan Pied Starling Gracupica jalla. Ardea 109(1): 41-54.
Vorderman, A. G. (1892). Java-vogels 1. Natuurk. Tijdschr. Ned. Indië 51: 373-416.
https://extinctanimals.proboards.com/thread/23295/javan-pied-starling-gracupica-jalla