Dysmorodrepanis munroi Perkins, 1919:250
Lanai hook-bill, Lanai hookbill
Taxonomy & Nomenclature
Synonym/s: Dysmodrepanis munroi Perkins, 1919:250 [orth. error used by (Tyrberg, 2009:99)]
"The case of the Lanai Hookbill (Dysmorodrepanis munroi), a honeycreeper from the Hawaiian island of Lanai, provides a good example. It may be a “good” species and, if it is, it is almost certainly extinct. On the other hand, it may be a freak. Just a single example of this creature is known and this was collected during 1913 by George C. Munro, whose name so often occurs in accounts of Hawaiian birds. The specimen shows a very distinct but rather peculiar arrangement of the beak and experts interpret this in two contrasting ways: some argue that the beak's peculiar nature is the sure mark of a freak; others suggest that it is a clear and distinct indication of a “good” species."
Source: http://www.lynxeds.com/hbw/foreword/hbw-7-foreword-extinct-birds-errol-fuller
If the reports of individuals of this species from 1916 and 1918 as reported by (Munro, 1944) are accurate then it is far more likely that D. munroi is unique (sub)species, as genetic freaks of that nature occur very rarely and so would not be expected to be found so closely linked in time between two (or three) individuals.
Conservation Status
Extinct
Last record: 1913 (collected); 1918 (sighting) (Kittelberger et al., 2024 [as 1918])
IUCN RedList status: Extinct
Distribution
Lanai, Hawaiian Islands, USA
Biology & Ecology
Hypodigm
Media
References
Original scientific description:
Perkins, R. C. L. (1919). On a new genus and species of bird of the family Drepanididae from the Hawaiian islands. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 9(3): 250-252.
Other references:
Amadon, D. (1950). The Hawaiian Honeycreepers (Aves: Dendrepaniidae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 95: 151-262.
BirdLife International. (2012). Dysmorodrepanis munroi. In: IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2. (http://www.iucnredlist.org). Downloaded on 19 May 2013.
BirdLife International. (2017). Dysmorodrepanis munroi (amended version of 2016 assessment). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017: e.T22720738A111776369. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-1.RLTS.T22720738A111776369.en. Accessed on 14 June 2022.
Brooks, T. 2000. Extinct species. In: BirdLife International (ed.), Threatened Birds of the World, pp. 701-708. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona and Cambridge, U.K.
Bryan, E. H., Jr. and Greenway, J. C. (1944). Contribution to the ornithology of the Hawaiian islands. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 94: 7-142.
Carlquist, S. (1970). Hawaii, a natural history. Natural History Press, Garden City, New York.
Delacour, J. (1928). Les oiseaux des Iles Hawaii. L'Oiseau. Revue d'Histoire Naturelle Appliquée [Société National d'Acclimation de France], Part 2, 9:1-30 (in separate).
Ehrlich, Paul R., Dobkin, David S. and Wheye, Darryl. (1992). Birds in Jeopardy: The Imperiled and Extinct Birds of the United States and Canada, Including Hawaii and Puerto Rico. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press. 259 pp.
Elphick, Chris S., Roberts, David L. and Reed, J. Michael. (2010). Estimated dates of recent extinctions for North American and Hawaiian birds. Biological Conservation 143: 617-624.
Greenway, J. C. (1937). Dysmorodrepanis munroi probably not a valid form. The Auk 56: 479-480.
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A., Fishpool, L.D.C., Boesman, P. and Kirwan, G.M. 2016. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 2: Passerines. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
James, Helen F. (2004). The osteology and phylogeny of the Hawaiian finch radiation (Fringillidae: Drepanidini), including extinct taxa. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 141: 207-255, 17 figs.
James, Helen F., Zusi, Richard L. and Olson, Storrs L. (1989). Dysmorodrepanis munroi (Fringillidae: Drepanidini), a valid genus and species of Hawaiian Finch. Wilson Bulletin 101(2): 159-179.
Kittelberger, Kyle D., Tanner, Colby J., Buxton, Amy N., Prewett, Amira and Şekercioğlu, Çağan Hakkı. (2024). Correlates of avian extinction timing around the world since 1500 CE. Avian Research 15: 100213. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avrs.2024.100213 [Supplementary data (List of 216 taxa)]
Mathews, G. W. (1930). Systema avium Australasianarum. A systematic list of the birds of the Australian region. Part 2. British Ornithologists' Union, London, England.
Munro, G. C. (1944). Birds of Hawaii. Honolulu: Tuttle.
Munro, G. C. (1960). Birds of Hawaii. Revised edition, Charles E. Tuttle Company, Rutland, Vermont.
Richmond, C. W. (1927). Generic names applied to birds during the years 1916 to 1922, inclusive, with additions to Waterhouse's "Index generum avium." Proc. U.S. National Mus. 70: 1-4.
Sayol, Ferran, Steinbauer, Manuel J., Blackburn, Tim M., Antonelli, Alexandre and Faurby, Søren. (2020). Anthropogenic extinctions conceal widespread evolution of flightlessness in birds. Science Advances 6(49): eabb6095. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abb6095 [Supplementary Material (Data File S1)]
Snetsinger, T. J.; Reynolds, M. H.; Herrmann, C. M. (1998). 'O'u (Psittirostra psittacea) and Lana'i Hookbill (Dysmorodrepanis munroi). In: Poole, A.; Gill, F. (ed.), The birds of North America, No. 335-336, pp. 1-20. The Birds of North America, Inc., Philadelphia.
Tyrberg, Tommy. (2009). Holocene avian extinctions, pp. 63-106. In: Turvey, Samuel T. (ed.). Holocene Extinctions. Oxford, UK & New York, USA: Oxford University Press. xii + 352 pp.
Vargas, Pablo. (2023). Exploring ‘endangered living fossils’ (ELFs) among monotypic genera of plants and animals of the world. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution 11: 1100503. https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2023.1100503