Hibiscadelphus crucibracteatus Hobdy (1984:1)
Lava hau kuahiwi
Taxonomy & Nomenclature
Conservation Status
Missing (Suckling et al., 2004 [as "extinct or missing"]; Wood et al., 2019:8) or Extinct (WCMC, 1998; Wagner et al., 1999:40; Baillie & Butcher, 2012:88; Humphreys et al., 2019; Christenhusz & Govaerts, 2024; POWO, 2024)
Last record: 1981 (Christenhusz & Govaerts, 2024); 1985 (Suckling et al. 2004:50,63; Wood et al., 2019:8)
IUCN RedList status: Extinct
"Hibiscadelphus crucibracteatus is one of seven Hibiscadelphus trees native to Hawaii. All are endangered, extinct in the wild, or extinct. H. crucibracteatus is known only from the type specimen, a single tree discovered in 1981 on a windward, dry slope of Puhielelu Ridge, Lanai. Seeds were harvested on several occasions, but none germinated."
(Suckling et al., 2004:50/63)
Distribution
Puhielelu Ridge, Lanai, Hawaiian Islands, USA
Biology & Ecology
Hypodigm
Media
References
Original scientific description:
Hobdy, R. W. (1984). A re-evaluation of the genus Hibiscadelphus (Malvaceae) and the description of a new species. Occassional papers Bernice P. Bishop Museum 25(11): 1-7.
Other references:
Baillie, Jonathan E. M. and Butcher, Ellen R. (2012). Priceless or Worthless? The world’s most threatened species. London, UK: Zoological Society of London.
Bates, D. M. (1990). Malvaceae, pp. 868-903. In: Wagner, W.L., D.R. Herbst, and S.H. Sohmer, Manual of the flowering plants of Hawai`i. Special Publ. Bishop Mus., Honolulu 83: 1-1853.
Champion, Solomon J. (2020). Biogeography and phylogenetics of the Hawaiian endemic Hibiscadelphus, hau kuahiwi (Malvaceae). MSc thesis, University of Hawai'i.
Christenhusz, Maarten J. M. and Govaerts, Rafaël. (2023). Uitgestorven. Op plantenjacht rond de wereld: 1-511. Sterck & De Vreese.
Christenhusz, Maarten J. M. and Govaerts, Rafaël. (2024). Plant extinction in the Anthropocene. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boae045 [Appendix S1]
Humphreys, Aelys M., Govaerts, Rafaël, Ficinski, Sarah Z., Lughadha, Eimear Nic and Vorontsova, Maria S. (2019). Global dataset shows geography and life form predict modern plant extinction and rediscovery. Nature Ecology & Evolution 3: 1043-1047. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-019-0906-2 [Supplementary Dataset 1]
Kartesz, J. T. (1994). A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
Oldfield, S., Lusty, C. and MacKinven, A. (compilers). (1998). The World List of Threatened Trees. Cambridge, U.K.: World Conservation Press. 650 pp.
POWO. (2024). Plants of the World Online (online resource). Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom. Available at: https://powo.science.kew.org/ [Accessed 16 June 2024]
Suckling, Kieran, Slack, Rhiwena and Nowicki, Brian. (2004). Extinct and the Endangered Species Act. Centre For Biological Diversity. 63 pp.
Wagner, Warren L., Bruegmann, Marie M., Herbst, Derral M. and Lau, Joel Q. C. (1999). Hawaiian Vascular Plants at Risk: 1999. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers 60: 1-58.
Walter, Kerry S. and Gillett, Harriet J. (eds.). (1998). 1997 IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants. Compiled by the World Conservation Monitoring Centre. Gland, Switzerland & Cambridge, UK: IUCN – The World Conservation Union. lxiv + 862 pp.
WCMC (World Conservation Monitoring Centre). (1998). Hibiscadelphus crucibracteatus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 1998: e.T33556A9793280. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.1998.RLTS.T33556A9793280.en. Downloaded on 30 April 2017.
Wood, Kenneth R., Oppenheimer, Hank and Keir, Matthew. (2019). A checklist of endemic Hawaiian vascular plant taxa that are considered possibly extinct in the wild. National Tropical Botanical Garden, Technical Report #314.