Actinella obserata (R.T. Lowe, 1852)
Taxonomy & Nomenclature
Synonym/s: Helix obserata R.T. Lowe, 1852
Conservation Status
Missing (Teixeira & Seddon, 2025)
Last record: 2001 (Seddon, 2008; Teixeira & Seddon, 2025)
IUCN RedList status: Critically Endangered (Possibly Extinct)
Distribution & Habitat
west of Funchal, Madeira, Macaronesia
Anatomy & Morphology
Biology & Ecology
Hypodigm
Media
References
Original scientific description:
Lowe, R. T. (1852). Brief diagnostic notices of new Maderan land shells. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History (2) 9 (50): 112-120; (2) 9 (52): 275-279. London [1 February; 1 April]
Other references:
MolluscaBase eds. (2026). MolluscaBase. Actinella obserata (R. T. Lowe, 1852). Accessed at: https://molluscabase.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1049887 on 2026-08-09
Seddon, M. B. (2008). An illustrated compendium of the landsnails and slugs of the Madeiran archipelago. Studies in Biodiversity and Systematics of Terrestrial Organisms from the National Museum of Wales. BIOTIR Reports 2. National Museum of Wales, Cardiff.
Seddon, M. B. (2011). Actinella obserata. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2011: e.T507A13057634. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2011-1.RLTS.T507A13057634.en. Accessed on 09 August 2026.
Teixeira, D. and Seddon, M. B. (2025). Actinella obserata. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2025: e.T507A220146472. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2025-2.RLTS.T507A220146472.en. Accessed on 08 August 2026.
Waldén, H. W. (1983). Systematic and biogeographical studies of the terrestrial Gastropoda of Madeira. With an annotated Check-list. Annales Zoologica Fennica 20: 255-275.
Wells, S. M. and Chatfield, J. E. (1992). Threatened non-marine molluscs of Europe. Nature and Environment (Council of Europe) No 64.