Ochrosia brownii (Fosberg & Sachet) Lorence & Butaud (2011:97)
Taxonomy & Nomenclature
Synonym/s: Neisosperma brownii Fosberg & Sachet in Micronesica 8: 49 (1972); Neiosperma brownii Fosberg & Sachet, 1972:49 (sic)
Conservation Status
Extinct in the Wild (Lorence & Butaud, 2020; Christenhusz & Govaerts, 2024; POWO, 2024; contra Baillie & Butcher, 2012:88)
Last (and only) record: 1921 (Lorence & Butaud, 2020)
Rediscovered on: 2 January 2003 (Butaud, 2003; Lorence & Butaud, 2020 [as 2003])
Last wild record: 2003 (Christenhusz & Govaerts, 2024); after 2003 (Lorence & Butaud, 2020)
IUCN RedList status: Extinct in the Wild
First and last recorded in 1921, until it was rediscovered on 2 January 2003 (Butaud, 2003). However, the single known mature individual (with juveniles) all died several years ago (including from rat predation on seeds), and the species is now considered Extinct in the Wild.
Distribution
Nuku Hiva, Marquesas Islands, French Polynesia
Biology & Ecology
Hypodigm
Media
References
Original scientific description:
Fosberg, F. R. and Sachet, M-H. (1972). Plants of Southeastern Polynesia 2. Micronesica 8: 43-50.
Other references:
Baillie, Jonathan E. M. and Butcher, Ellen R. (2012). Priceless or Worthless? The world’s most threatened species. London, UK: Zoological Society of London.
Brown, F. B. H. (1935). Flora of Southeastern Polynesia. III. Dicotyledons. Bernice P. Bishop Museum Bulletin 130. Kraus Reprint, New York (1971).
Butaud, Jean-François. (2003). Rapport de mission à Nuku Hiva du 7 au 17 février 2003. Service du Développement Rural. Rapport non publié.
Butaud, Jean-François and Meyer, Jean-Yves. (2004). Plans de conservation pour des plantes menacées et/ou protégées en Polynésie française. Contribution à la Biodiversité de Polynésie française N°11. Service du Développement Rural/Délégation à la Recherche, Papeete, 51 pages.
Christenhusz, Maarten J. M. and Govaerts, Rafaël. (2023). Uitgestorven. Op plantenjacht rond de wereld: 1-511. Sterck & De Vreese.
Christenhusz, Maarten J. M. and Govaerts, Rafaël. (2024). Plant extinction in the Anthropocene. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boae045 [Appendix S1]
Dalrymple, S. E., Abeli, T., Ewen, J. G., Gilbert, T. C., Hogg, C. J., Lloyd, N. A., Moehrenschlager, A., Rodríguez, J. P. and Smith, D. (2023). Addressing Threats and Ecosystem Intactness to Enable Action for Extinct in the Wild Species. Diversity 15: 268. https://doi.org/10.3390/d15020268
Florence, J. 1996. Liste des espèces endémiques de Polynésie Française avec leur répartition géographique et leur statut IUCN, tirée de la banque de données botaniques NADEAUD (unpublished).
Florence, J. (1998). Ochrosia brownii. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 1998: e.T35042A9908061. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.1998.RLTS.T35042A9908061.en. Downloaded on 17 September 2016.
Humphreys, Aelys M., Govaerts, Rafaël, Ficinski, Sarah Z., Lughadha, Eimear Nic and Vorontsova, Maria S. (2019). Global dataset shows geography and life form predict modern plant extinction and rediscovery. Nature Ecology & Evolution 3: 1043-1047. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-019-0906-2 [Supplementary Dataset 1]
Lorence, David H. and Butaud, Jean-François. (2011). A reassessment of Marquesan Ochrosia and Rauvolfia (Apocynaceae) with two new combinations. PhytoKeys 4: 95-107. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.4.1599
Lorence, David H. and Butaud, Jean-François. (2020). Ochrosia brownii. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020: e.T35042A43520162. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T35042A43520162.en. Accessed on 10 June 2022.
Oldfield, Sara, Lusty, Charlotte and MacKinven, Amy (compilers). (1998). The World List of Threatened Trees. Cambridge, U.K.: World Conservation Press. 650 pp.
POWO. (2024). Plants of the World Online (online resource). Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom. Available at: https://powo.science.kew.org/ [Accessed 16 June 2024]
Smith, Donal et al. (2023). Extinct in the wild: The precarious state of Earth’s most threatened group of species. Science 379(6634): eadd2889. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.add2889
Walter, Kerry S. and Gillett, Harriet J. (eds.). (1998). 1997 IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants. Compiled by the World Conservation Monitoring Centre. Gland, Switzerland & Cambridge, UK: IUCN – The World Conservation Union. lxiv + 862 pp.
W.C.M.C. (1996). Threatened plant database of the World Conservation Monitoring Centre. W.C.M.C., Cambridge, U.K.