Chasmistes liorus Jordan, 1878:219
June sucker
Taxonomy & Nomenclature
Synonym/s: Chasmistes liorus liorus Jordan, 1878:219; Chasmistes liorus mictus Miller & Smith, 1981:15
Conservation Status
Extinct (Miller et al., 1989; Jelks et al., 2008:393; Burkhead, 2012)
Last record: 1800's; 1935 or earlier (Burkhead, 2012); 21 March 1959 (Miller, 1961)
IUCN RedList status: "may be extinct"
Estimated date of extinction: 1935 (Burkhead, 2012)
Distribution
Utah Lake, Utah, USA
Biology & Ecology
Hypodigm
Media
References
Original scientific description:
Jordan, D. S. (1878). A synopsis of the family Catostomidae. Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. 12: 97-237.
Other references:
Belk, M. C. (1998). Age and growth of June sucker (Chasmistes liorus) from otoliths. Great Basin Naturalist 58(4): 390-392.
Burkhead, Noel M. (2012). Extinction Rates in North American Freshwater Fishes, 1900–2010. BioScience 62(9): 798-808.
Day, David. (1981). The Doomsday Book of Animals: A Natural History of Vanished Species. New York, N.Y.: The Viking Press.
Deacon, James E., Kobetich, Gail, Williams, James D. and Contreras, Salvador. (1979). Fishes of North America endangered, threatened, or of special concern: 1979. Fisheries 4(2): 29-44.
Ehlo, Chase A., Goldsmith, Wesley J., Kesner, Brian R. and Marsh, Paul C. (2019). Size-Specific Fate and Survival of June Sucker Chasmistes liorus mictus in Utah Lake, Utah. Western North American Naturalist 79(1): 110-123. https://doi.org/10.3398/064.079.0111
Harris, P. M., and Mayden, R. L. (2001). Phylogenetic relationships of major clades of Catostomidae (Teleostei: Cypriniformes) as inferred from mitchondrial SSU and LSU rDNA sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 20: 225-237.
Jelks, Howard L., Walsh, Stephen J., Burkhead, Noel M., Contreras-Balderas, Salvador, Díaz-Pardo, Edmundo, Hendrickson, Dean A., Lyons, J., Mandrak, Nicholas E., McCormick, Frank, Nelson, Joseph F., Platania, Steven P., Porter, Brady A., Renaud, Claude B., Schmitter-Soto, Juan Jacabo, Taylor, Eric B. and Warren, Melvin L. Jr. (2008). Conservation status of imperiled North American freshwater and diadromous fishes. Fisheries 33(8): 372-407.
Jordan, D. S. (1891). Report of explorations in Colorado and Utah during the summer of 1889, with an account of the fishes found in each of the river basins examined. Bulletin of the U.S. Fish Commission 9: 1-40.
Jordan, D. S. and Gilbert, C. H. (1881). Notes on a collection of fishes from Utah Lake. Proc. U. S. Natl. Mus. 3: 459-465.
Keleher, C. J., Lentsch, L. D. and Thompson, C. W. (1998). Evaluation of flow requirements for June sucker (Chasmistes liorus) in the Provo River: An empirical approach. Pub. No. 99-06. Utah Division of Wildlife Resources, Salt Lake City, Utah.
Matthews, J. R. and Moseley, C. J. (eds.). (1990). The Official World Wildlife Fund Guide to Endangered Species of North America. Volume 1. Plants, Mammals. xxiii + pp 1-560 + 33 pp. appendix + 6 pp. glossary + 16 pp. index. Volume 2. Birds, Reptiles, Amphibians, Fishes, Mussels, Crustaceans, Snails, Insects, and Arachnids. xiii + pp. 561-1180. Beacham Publications, Inc., Washington, D.C.
Miller, Robert Rush. (1961). Man and the changing fish fauna of the American southwest. Papers of the Michigan Academy of Science, Arts, and Letters 46: 365-404.
Miller, Robert Rush and Smith, G. R. (1981). Distribution and evolution of Chasmistes (Pisces: Catostomidae) in western North America. Occas. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich. 696: 1-46.
Miller, Robert Rush, Williams, James D. and Williams, Jack E. (1989). Extinctions of North American fishes during the past century. Fisheries 14(6): 22-38.
Modde, T. and Muirhead, N. (1994). Spawning chronology and larval emergence of June sucker (Chasmistes liorus). Great Basin Naturalist 54(4): 366-370.
NatureServe. (2013). Chasmistes liorus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2014.3. (http://www.iucnredlist.org). Downloaded on 26 January 2015.
NatureServe. (2025). Chasmistes liorus: June Sucker. NatureServe Network Biodiversity Location Data accessed through NatureServe Explorer [web application]. NatureServe, Arlington, Virginia. Available https://explorer.natureserve.org/ [Accessed 6 April 2025]
Nelson, J. S., Crossman, E. J., Espinosa-Perez, H., Findley, L. T., Gilbert, C. R., Lea, R. N. and Williams, J. D. (2004). Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States, Canada, and Mexico. American Fisheries Society, Special Publication 29, Bethesda, Maryland. 386 pp.
Page, L. M. and Burr, B. M. (1991). A field guide to freshwater fishes: North America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, Massachusetts. 432 pp.
Page, L. M. and Burr, B. M. (2011). Peterson field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Second edition. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, Boston. xix + 663 pp.
Page, L. M., Bemis, K. E., Dowling, T. E., Espinosa-Pérez, H. S., Findley, L. T., Gilbert, C. R., Hartel, K. E., Lea, R. N., Mandrak, N. E., Neigbors, M. A., Schmitter-Soto, J. J. and Walker, H. J., Jnr. (2023). Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States, Canada, and Mexico. Eighth edition. American Fisheries Society (AFS), Special Publication 37, Bethesda, Maryland, 439 pp.
Page, L. M., Espinosa-Pérez, H., Findley, L. T., Gilbert, C. R., Lea, R. N., Mandrak, N. E., Mayden, R. L. and Nelson, J. S. (2013). Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States, Canada, and Mexico. Seventh edition. American Fisheries Society, Special Publication 34, Bethesda, Maryland.
Robins, C. R., Bailey, R. M., Bond, C. E., Brooker, J. R., Lachner, E. A., Lea, R. N. and Scott, W. B. (1991). Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. American Fisheries Society, Special Publication 20. 183 pp.
Scoppettone, G. G. and Vinyard, G. (1991). Life history and management of four endangered lacustrine suckers, pp. 359-377. In: Minckley, W. L. and Deacon, J. E. (eds.). Battle Against Extinction: Native Fish Management in the American West. University of Arizona Press, Tucson, Arizona.
Smith, G. R. (1992). Phylogeny and biogeography of the Catostomidae, freshwater fishes of North America and Asia, pp. 778-826. In: Mayden, R. L. (ed.). Systematics, historical ecology, and North American freshwater fishes. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press. xxvi + 969 pp.
Tanner, Vasco M. (1936). A study of the Fishes of Utah. Utah Acad. Sci., Arts and Letters 13: 155-184, pls. 1-3.
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). (1984). Endangered classification proposed for four fishes in Southeast and Utah. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Endangered Species Program, Endangered Species Technical Bulletin 9(8): 1-11.
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). (1986). Final rule determining the june sucker (Chasmistes liorus) to be an endangered species with critical habitat. United States Fish and Wildlife Service, March 31, 1986, 51 FR 10851.
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). (1990). Endangered and threatened species recovery program: report to Congress. 406 pp.
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). (1999). June sucker (Chasmistes liorus) recovery plan. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Denver, Colorado. 61 pp.
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). (2021). Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Reclassification of the Endangered June Sucker to Threatened With a Section 4(d) Rule; Final rule. Federal Register 86(1): 192-212.
Webb, Molly A. H. et al. (2023). Prioritizing Imperiled Native Aquatic Species for Conservation Propagation. Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management. https://doi.org/10.3996/JFWM-22-040
Whitney, Mike and Belk, Mark C. (2000). Threatened fishes of the world: Chasmistes liorus Jordan, 1878 (Catostomidae). Environmental Biology of Fishes 57: 362.
Williams, Jack E., Johnson, James E., Hendrickson, Dean A., Contreras-Balderas, Salvador, Williams, James D., Navarro-Mendoza, Miguel, McAllister, Don E. and Deacon, James E. (1989). Fishes of North America endangered, threatened, or of special concern: 1989. Fisheries 14(6): 2-20.
http://www.fishbase.org/summary/2984
https://extinctanimals.proboards.com/thread/19139/chasmistes-liorus