Chorizanthe valida S.Watson (1877:271)
Sonoma chorizanthe, Sonoma spineflower
Taxonomy & Nomenclature
Conservation Status
Last record: 1962 (Ripley, 1975:45)
Rediscovered in 1980 (Smith & York, 1984:1,19)
Previously considered possibly Extinct ("poEX") (Ripley, 1975:45).
Distribution
Marin County & Sonoma County, California, USA
Biology & Ecology
Hypodigm
Media
References
Ayensu, E. S. and Defilipps, R. A. (1978). Endangered and Threatened Plants of the United States: 1-403. Smithsonian Institution and WWF-US, Washington DC.
Bittman, R. (1998). Lead Botanist, California Natural Diversity Database. Unpublished notes on fifty rare plants of California for purposes of updating Element Global Ranking (EGR) forms. California Natural Heritage Division, Dep. of Fish & Game, Sacramento, California, U.S.A.
Black, R. A. and Larson, S. (2018). Pests and Politics: Managing Free-Ranging Tule Elk in Point Reyes National Seashore. Proceedings of the Vertebrate Pest Conference, 28:118-123.
California Natural Diversity Database (CNDDB). (2021). RareFind Version 5.2.14. California Department of Fish and Game, Sacramento.
Flora of North America Editorial Committee (FNA). (2005). Flora of North America north of Mexico. Vol. 5. Magnoliophyta: Caryophyllidae: Caryophyllales, Polygonales, and Plumbaginales. Oxford Univ. Press, New York. vii + 656 pp.
Govaerts, R. (1999). World Checklist of Seed Plants 3(1, 2a & 2b): 1-1532. MIM, Deurne.
Humphreys, Aelys M., Govaerts, Rafaël, Ficinski, Sarah Z., Lughadha, Eimear Nic and Vorontsova, Maria S. (2019). Global dataset shows geography and life form predict modern plant extinction and rediscovery. Nature Ecology & Evolution 3: 1043-1047. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-019-0906-2 [Supplementary Dataset 1]
Kartesz, J. T. (1994). A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
Ripley, S. Dillon. (1975). Report on endangered and threatened species of the United States. House Document 94-51: 1-200 [45].
Skinner, M. W. and Pavlik, B. M. (eds.). (1997). Inventory of rare and endangered vascular plants of California. 1997 Electronic Inventory Update of 1994 5th edition, California Native Plant Society, Special Publication No. 1, Sacramento.
Smith, James Payne, Jnr. (ed.) and York, Richard (DEM). (1984). Inventory of rare and endangered vascular plants of California. Special Publication No. 1 (3rd edition). Berkeley, California: California Native Plant Society. xviii + 174 pp.
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). (1997). Seven Coastal Plants and the Myrtle's Silverspot Butterfly Draft Recovery Plan. Portland, Oregon. 117 pp.
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). (2019). Recovery Plant Amendment: Recovery Plan for Seven Coastal Plants and the Myrtle’s Silverspot Butterfly: Chorizanthe valida (Sonoma Spineflower).U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Region 8, Sacramento, California.
Walter, Kerry S. and Gillett, Harriet J. (eds.). (1998). 1997 IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants. Compiled by the World Conservation Monitoring Centre. Gland, Switzerland & Cambridge, UK: IUCN – The World Conservation Union. lxiv + 862 pp.
http://www.calflora.org/cgi-bin/species_query.cgi?where-calrecnum=2059