Thismia americana N.Pfeiff. (1914:123)
Banded trinity
Taxonomy & Nomenclature
Synonym/s: Sarcosiphon americanus (N.Pfeiff.) Schltr. in Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 8: 39 (1921)
Conservation Status
Extinct (Ripley, 1975:41; Lucas & Synge, 1978:99; Humphreys et al., 2019; Knapp et al., 2021; Albani Rocchetti et al., 2022; POWO, 2023; Christenhusz & Govaerts, 2024)
Last record (disputed): 1913 (Pfeiffer, 1914 fide Lucas & Synge, 1978:99; Gleason & Cronquist, 1963; Ripley, 1975:41); 1914 (Wilhelm & Rericha, 2019:151); 1916 (Knapp et al., 2021; Christenhusz & Govaerts, 2024)
Distribution
Illinois, USA
Biology & Ecology
Hypodigm
Media
References
Original scientific description:
Pfeiffer, N. E. (1914). Morphology of Thismia americana. Bot. Gaz. 57:122-135, pls. VII-XI.
Other references:
Albani Rocchetti, Giulia, Carta, Angelino, Mondoni, Andrea, Godefroid, Sandrine, Davis, Charles C., Caneva, Giulia, Albrecht, Matthew A., Alvarado, Karla, Bijmoer, Roxali, Borosova, Renata, Bräuchler, Christian, Breman, Elinor, Briggs, Marie, Buord, Stephane, Cave, Lynette H., Da Silva, Nílber Gonçalves, Davey, Alexandra H., Davies, Rachael M., Dickie, John B., Fabillo, Melodina, Fleischmann, Andreas, Franks, Andrew, Hall, Geoffrey, Kantvilas, Gintaras, Klak, Cornelia, Liu, Udayangani, Medina, Leopoldo, Reinhammar, Lars Gunnar, Sebola, Ramagwai J., Schönberger, Ines, Sweeney, Patrick, Voglmayr, Hermann, White, Adam, Wieringa, Jan J., Zippel, Elke Zippel and Abeli, Thomas. (2022). Selecting the best candidates for resurrecting extinct-in-the-wild plants from herbaria. Nature Plants 8: 1385-1393. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41477-022-01296-7 [Supplementary Tables S1-S6]
Christenhusz, Maarten J. M. and Govaerts, Rafaël. (2023). Uitgestorven. Op plantenjacht rond de wereld: 1-511. Sterck & De Vreese.
Christenhusz, Maarten J. M. and Govaerts, Rafaël. (2024). Plant extinction in the Anthropocene. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boae045 [Appendix S1]
CPC. (1990). Centre for plant conservation data for North American plants database. CPC, Centre for plant conservation.
Fernald, M. L. (1950). Gray's manual of botany, eighth (centennial) edition. Corrected printing, 1970. D. Van Nostrand Co., New York, N.Y. 1632 pp.
Garrett, Natalie, Viruel, Juan, Klimpert, Nathaniel, Gomez, Marybel Soto, Lam, Vivienne K. Y., Merckx, Vincent S. F. T. and Graham, Sean W. (2023). Plastid phylogenomics and molecular evolution of Thismiaceae (Dioscoreales). American Journal of Botany 110(4): e16141. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajb2.16141
Gleason, H. A. and Cronquist, A. (1991). Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada, second edition. New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, NY.
Govaerts, R. (2004). World Checklist of Monocotyledons Database in ACCESS: 1-54382. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Govaerts, R., Wilkin, P. and Saunders, R. M. K. (2007). World Checklist of Dioscoreales. Yams and their allies: 1-65. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Humphreys, Aelys M., Govaerts, Rafaël, Ficinski, Sarah Z., Lughadha, Eimear Nic and Vorontsova, Maria S. (2019). Global dataset shows geography and life form predict modern plant extinction and rediscovery. Nature Ecology & Evolution 3: 1043-1047. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-019-0906-2 [Supplementary Dataset 1]
Jones, G. N. and Fuller, G. D. (1955). Vascular Plants of Illinois. Urbana: University of Illinois Press. [p. 142]
Jonker, F. P. (1938). A monograph of the Burmanniaceae. Meded Bot. Mus. Herb. Riijks Univ. Utrecht 51: 1-279.
Knapp, Wesley M., Frances, Anne, Noss, Reed, Naczi, Robert F. C., Weakley, Alan, Gann, George D., Baldwin, Bruce G., Miller, James, McIntyre, Patrick, Mishler, Brent D., Moore, Gerry, Olmstead, Richard G., Strong, Anna, Kennedy, Kathryn, Heidel, Bonnie and Gluesenkamp, Daniel. (2021). Vascular plant extinction in the continental United States and Canada. Conservation Biology 35(1): 360-368. https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.13621 [Supporting Information (Appendix S1)]
Lewis, D. Q. (2002). Burmanniaceae Blume—Burmannia family, pp. 486-489. In: Argus, G. W., Gandhi, K., Goldblatt, P., Hess, W. J., Kiger, R. W., Strother, J. L., Utech, F. H. and Zarucchi, J. L. (eds.). Flora of North America, vol. 26: Magnoliophyta: Liliidae: Liliales and Orchidales. Oxford UniversityPress, New York.
Lucas, Grenville Llewellyn and Synge, Hugh (compilers). (1978). The IUCN Plant Red Data Book. Morges, Switzerland: IUCN. 540 pp. [pp. 99-100]
Maas, P. J. M., Maas-van de Kamer, H., van Benthem, J., Snelders, H. C. M. and Rübsamen, T. (1986). Burmanniaceae. Fl. Neotrop. 42: 1-189
Masters, L. (1995). Thismia americana N. E. Pfeiffer, a history. Erigenia 14: 8-14.
Merckx, V. S. F. T., S. I F. Gomes, M. Wapstra, C. Hunt, G. Steenbeeke, C. B. Mennes, N. Walsh, R. Smissen, Tsung-Hsin, E. F. Smets, and M. Bidartondo. (2017). The biogeographical history of the interaction between mycoheterotrophic Thismia (Thismiaceae) plants and mycorrhizal Rhizophagus (Glomeraceae) fungi. J. Biogeogr. 44:1869-1879.
Merckx, Vincent, Schols, Peter, Kamer, Hiltje Maas-van de, Maas, Paul, Huysmans, Suzy and Smets, Erik. (2006). Phylogeny and evolution of Burmanniaceae (Dioscoreales) based on nuclear and mitochondrial data. American Journal of Botany 93(11): 1684-1698. https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.93.11.1684
Merckx, Vincent S. F. T. and E. F. Smets. (2014). Thismia americana, the 101st anniversary of a botanical mystery. Int. J. Plant Sci. 175: 165-175.
Merckx, Vincent S. F. T., Smets, Erik F. and Specht, Chelsea D. (2013). Biogeography and Conservation, pp. 103-156. In: Merckx, Vincent S. F. T. (ed.). Mycoheterotrophy: The Biology of Plants Living on Fungi. New York, NY: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5209-6_3
Mohlenbrock, R. H. (1970). The Illustrated Flora of Illinois. Flowering Plants: Lillies to Orchids. Carbondale & Edwardsville: Southern Illinois University Press. [p. 178, fig. 88]
Pfeiffer, N. E. (1918). The sporangia of Thismia americana. Bot. Gaz. 66: 354-363.
POWO. (2023). Thismia americana N.Pfeiff. Plants of the World Online (online resource). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom. Available at: https://powo.science.kew.org/ [Accessed 25 December 2023]
Ripley, S. Dillon. (1975). Report on endangered and threatened species of the United States. House Document 94-51: 1-200 [41].
Thiele, K. R. and Jordan, P. (2002). Thismia clavarioides (Thismiaceae), a new species of fairy lantern from New South Wales. Telopea 9: 765-771.
Thorne, R. F. (1972). Major disjunctions in the geographic ranges of seed plants. Quart Rev Biol 47: 365-411.
Walter, Kerry S. and Gillett, Harriet J. (eds.). (1998). 1997 IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants. Compiled by the World Conservation Monitoring Centre. Gland, Switzerland & Cambridge, UK: IUCN – The World Conservation Union. lxiv + 862 pp.
Wilhelm, Gerould and Rericha, Laura. (2019). Thismia americana, a Chicago Endemic or an Elaborate Hoax? The Great Lakes Botanist 57: 150-157.
https://vanishingflora.proboards.com/thread/1890/thismia-americana
https://www.extinction.photo/species/banded-trinity/