Clicky

Encephalartos relictus P.J.H.Hurter (2001:197)

Relict cycad

 

 

Taxonomy & Nomenclature

 

 

Conservation Status

Extinct in the wild (Bösenberg, 2022; POWO, 2024)

Last wild record: 1971 (Bösenberg, 2022)

IUCN RedList status: Extinct in the Wild

 

Distribution

Lebombo mountains, eSwatini (=Swaziland)

 

Biology & Ecology

 

 

Hypodigm

 

 

Media

Photos taken by JJ. P. Du Preez of (some of) the last specimens observed in the wild in 1971 can be seen in (Calonje et al., 2023).

 

References

Original scientific description:

Hurter, P. J. H. (2001). Encephalartos relictus (Zamiaceae): a newly described species from southern Africa. Bothalia 31: 197-199.

 

Other references:

Bösenberg, J. D. (2022). Encephalartos relictus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2022: e.T41764A51054439. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T41764A51054439.en. Accessed on 15 October 2023.

Calonje, M., Stevenson, D. W. and Osborne, R. (2023). The World List of Cycads, online edition [Internet]. 2013-2023. Available from: https://www.cycadlist.org/ [Accessed 20 October 2023]

Christenhusz, M. and Govaerts, R. (2023). Uitgestorven. Op plantenjacht rond de wereld: 1-511. Sterck & De Vreese.

Dalrymple, S. E., Abeli, T., Ewen, J. G., Gilbert, T. C., Hogg, C. J., Lloyd, N. A., Moehrenschlager, A., Rodríguez, J. P. and Smith, D. (2023). Addressing Threats and Ecosystem Intactness to Enable Action for Extinct in the Wild Species. Diversity 15: 268. https://doi.org/10.3390/d15020268

Donaldson, John S. (ed.). (2003). Cycads. Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan. IUCN/SSC Cycad Specialist Group. Gland, Switzerland & Cambridge, UK: IUCN. ix + 86 pp.

Donaldson, John S. (2010). Encephalartos relictus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2010: e.T41764A10533238. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-3.RLTS.T41764A10533238.en. Downloaded on 05 June 2017.

Haynes, Jody L. (2008). World list of cycads: a historical review. IUCN/SSC Cycad Specialist Group. 35 pp.

Humphreys, Aelys M., Govaerts, Rafaël, Ficinski, Sarah Z., Lughadha, Eimear Nic and Vorontsova, Maria S. (2019). Global dataset shows geography and life form predict modern plant extinction and rediscovery. Nature Ecology & Evolution 3: 1043-1047. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-019-0906-2 [Supplementary Dataset 1] [lists this species as Extinct]

Hurter, M. (2009). The uniqueness of a remnant - notes on Encephalartos relictus. Encephalartos. Journal of the Cycad Society of South Africa 96: 16-19.

POWO. (2024). Encephalartos relictus P.J.H.Hurter. Plants of the World Online (online resource). Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom. Available at: https://powo.science.kew.org/ [Accessed 4 February 2024]

Smith, Donal et al. (2023). Extinct in the wild: The precarious state of Earth’s most threatened group of species. Science 379(6634): eadd2889. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.add2889

https://vanishingflora.proboards.com/thread/2478/encephalartos-relictus

 

<< Back to the Cycadophyta (Cycads) database