Encephalartos inopinus R.A.Dyer (1964:169)
Lydenburg cycad
Taxonomy & Nomenclature
Conservation Status
Possibly Extinct in the Wild (Donaldson & Rodgers, 2020; Bösenberg, 2022)
Last record: 2004 (Bösenberg, 2022)
IUCN RedList status: Critically Endangered (Possibly Extinct in the Wild)
1 individual is known in the wild (Donaldson & Rodgers, 2020), but the species is dioecious so it is functionally extinct in the wild (Donaldson & Rodgers, 2020).
Distribution
Mpumalanga Province, South Africa
Biology & Ecology
Hypodigm
Media
References
Original scientific description:
Dyer, R. A. (1964). Notes and new records of African plants. Cycadaceae. Bothalia 8(2): 169-170. [automatic download]
Other references:
Bösenberg, J. D. (2022). Encephalartos inopinus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2022: e.T41890A51057232. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T41890A51057232.en. Accessed on 15 October 2023.
Calonje, M., Stevenson, D. W. and Osborne, R. (2023). The World List of Cycads, online edition [Internet]. 2013-2023. Available from: https://www.cycadlist.org/ [Accessed 20 October 2023]
Donaldson, J. S. (1995). Understanding cycad life histories- an essential basis for conservation. In: Donaldson, J.S. (ed.), Cycad Conservation in South Africa- Issues, actions and priorities, pp. 8-13. Cycad Society of South Africa.
Donaldson, John S. (ed.). (2003). Cycads. Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan. IUCN/SSC Cycad Specialist Group. Gland, Switzerland & Cambridge, UK: IUCN. ix + 86 pp.
Donaldson, J. S. (2009). Encephalartos inopinus R.A.Dyer. National Assessment: Red List of South African Plants version 2020.1. Accessed on 2023/10/15
Donaldson, J. S. (2010). Encephalartos inopinus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2010: e.T41890A10570662. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-3.RLTS.T41890A10570662.en. Downloaded on 27 December 2015.
Donaldson, J. S. and Rodgers, S. (2020). Encephalartos inopinus R.A.Dyer. National Assessment: Red List of South African Plants version. Accessed on 2024/06/02.
Dyer, R. A. (1965). Encephalartos. Bothalia 8(4): 432-514. [automatic download]
Giddy, C. (1974). Cycads of South Africa. Purnell, Cape Town.
Goode, D. (2001). Cycads of Africa, vol. 1. D&E Cycads of Africa,. GalloManor
Grobbelaar, N. (2002). Cycads. Published by the author, Pretoria.
Hall, A. V., De Winter, M., De Winter, B. and Van Oosterhout, S. A. M. (1980). Threatened plants of southern Africa. South African National Scienctific Programmes Report 45. CSIR, Pretoria.
Haynes, Jody L. (2008). World list of cycads: a historical review. IUCN/SSC Cycad Specialist Group. 35 pp.
Hilton-Taylor, Craig. (1996). Red data list of southern African plants. Strelitzia 4. South African National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
Jones, David L. (1993). Cycads of the world. Australia: Reed Books.
Krempin, J. (1990). Palms and cycads around the world. Horwitz Grahame, Australia.
Mucina, L. and Rutherford, M. C. (eds). (2004). Vegetation Map of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland: Shapefiles of basic mapping units. Cape Town, South Africa.
Mucina, L. and Rutherford, M. C. (eds). (2006). The vegetation of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland. Strelitzia 19. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria.
Osborne, R. (1992). Focus on Encephalartos inopinus. Encephalartos 31: 4-8.
Osborne, R. (1993). The cycad collection of the Durban Botanic Gardens. Parks Department, Durban.
Palmer, Eve and Pitman, Norah. (1972). Trees of southern Africa, covering all known indigenous species in the Republic of South Africa, South-West Africa, Botswana, Lesotho & Swaziland. Cape Town: A.A. Balkema.
Raimondo, D., von Staden, L., Foden, W., Victor, J. E., Helme, N. A., Turner, R. C., Kamundi, D. A. and Manyama, P. A. (2009). Red List of South African Plants. Strelitzia 25. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria.
Von Breitenbach, J. and Von Breitenbach, F. (1992). Tree atlas of southern Africa. Dendrological Foundation, Pretoria.
Walter, Kerry S. and Gillett, Harriet J. (eds.). (1998). 1997 IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants. Compiled by the World Conservation Monitoring Centre. Gland, Switzerland & Cambridge, UK: IUCN – The World Conservation Union. lxiv + 862 pp.