Stygobromus hayi (Hubricht & Mackin, 1940)
Hay's Spring amphipod
Taxonomy & Nomenclature
Synonyms: Synpleonia hayi Hubricht & Mackin, 1940; Stygonectes hayi (Hubricht & Mackin, 1940)
Conservation Status
Rediscovered [by implication]
Was listed as Extinct by (WCMC, 1992:208).
Distribution & Habitat
Washington, USA
Anatomy & Morphology
Biology & Ecology
Hypodigm
Media
References
Original scientific description:
Hubricht, L. and Mackin, J. G. (1940). Description of nine new species of fresh-water amphipod crustaceans with notes and new localities for other species. American Midland Naturalist 23: 187-218.
Other references:
Baillie, J. and Groombridge, B. (eds). (1996). 1996 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK.
Copilaş-Ciocianu, D., Prokin, A., Esin, E., Shkil, F., Zlenko, D., Markevich, G. and Sidorov, D. (2024). The subarctic ancient Lake El'gygytgyn harbours the world's northernmost 'limnostygon communityʼ and reshuffles crangonyctoid systematics (Crustacea, Amphipoda). Invertebrate Systematics 38(12). https://doi.org/10.1071/is24001
Fitzpatrick, J. F., Jr. (1983). How to Know the Freshwater Crustacea. Wm. C. Brown Co. Publishers. Dubuque, Iowa. 277 pp.
Groombridge, B. (ed.). (1994). 1994 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK.
Holsinger, J. R. (1967). Systematics, speciation, and distribution of the subterranean amphipod genus Stygonectes (Gammaridae). Bulletin of the United States National Museum 259: 1-176.
Holsinger, J. R. (1978). Systematics of the subterranean amphipod genus Stygobromus (Crangonyctidae). Part II: Species of the eastern United States. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 266: 1-144.
Holsinger, J. R., Meador Ansell, L. and Shafer, J. (2011). Four new species of the subterranean amphipod genus Stygobromus (Amphipoda: Crangonyctidae) from shallow groundwater habitats on the Coastal Plain and eastern margin of the Piedmont in Maryland and Virginia, USA. Zootaxa 2972: 1-21.
Horton, T.; Lowry, J.; De Broyer, C.; Bellan-Santini, D.; Copilas-Ciocianu, D.; Corbari, L.; Costello, M.J.; Daneliya, M.; Dauvin, J.-C.; Fišer, C.; Gasca, R.; Grabowski, M.; Guerra-García, J.M.; Hendrycks, E.; Hughes, L.; Jaume, D.; Jazdzewski, K.; Kim, Y.-H.; King, R.; Krapp-Schickel, T.; LeCroy, S.; Lörz, A.-N.; Mamos, T.; Senna, A.R.; Serejo, C.; Souza-Filho, J.F.; Tandberg, A.H.; Thomas, J.D.; Thurston, M.; Vader, W.; Väinölä, R.; Valls Domedel, G.; Vonk, R.; White, K.; Zeidler, W. (2025). World Amphipoda Database. Stygobromus hayi (Hubricht & Mackin, 1940). Accessed at: https://www.marinespecies.org/amphipoda/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=431585 on 2025-08-07
Inland Water Crustacean Specialist Group. (1996). Stygobromus hayi. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 1996: e.T20990A9241906. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T20990A9241906.en. Accessed on 07 August 2025.
IUCN. (1990). IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK.
Karaman, G. S. (1974). 59. Contribution to the knowledge of the Amphipoda. Revision of the genus Stygobromus Cope 1872 (Fam. Gammaridae) from North America. Glasnik Republickog Zavoda za Zastitu Prirode 7: 97-125.
McLaughlin, P. A., D. K. Camp, M. V. Angel, E. L. Bousfield, P. Brunel, R. C. Brusca, D. Cadien, A. C. Cohen, K. Conlan, L. G. Eldredge, D. L. Felder, J. W. Goy, T. Haney, B. Hann, R. W. Heard, E. A. Hendrycks, H. H. Hobbs III, J. R. Holsinger, B. Kensley, D. R. Laubitz, S. E. LeCroy, R. Lemaitre, R. F. Maddocks, J. W. Martin, P. Mikkelsen, E. Nelson, W. A. Newman, R. M. Overstreet, W. J. Poly, W. W. Price, J. W. Reid, A. Robertson, D. C. Rogers, A. Ross, M. Schotte, F. Schram, C. Shih, L. Watling, G. D. F. Wilson, and D. D. Turgeon. (2005). Common and Scientific Names of Aquatic Invertebrates from the United States and Canada: Crustaceans. American Fisheries Society Special Publication 31. 545 pp.
Niemiller, Matthew L., Cannizzaro, Andrew G., Sawicki, Thomas R. and Culver, David C. (2024). A new species of Stygobromus Cope, 1872 (Amphipoda, Crangonyctidae) from a hypotelminorheic seepage spring in Washington, D.C., USA. Subterranean Biology 48: 117-146. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.48.112984
Niemiller, Matthew L., Porter, Megan L., Keany, Jenna et al. (2018). Evaluation of eDNA for groundwater invertebrate detection and monitoring: a case study with endangered Stygobromus (Amphipoda: Crangonyctidae). Conservation Genetics Resources 10: 247-257. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12686-017-0785-2
USFWS (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service). (1982). Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants: Listings Hay's Springs amphipods as an Endangered species. Federal Register 47(25): 5425-5426.
USFWS (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service). (2007) Hay’s spring amphipod (Stygobromus hayi). 5-year review: summary and evaluation. Chesapeake Bay Field Office, US Fish and Wildlife Service, Annapolis
USFWS (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service). (2013) Hay’s spring amphipod (Stygobromus hayi). 5-year review: summary and evaluation. Chesapeake Bay Field Office, US Fish and Wildlife Service, Annapolis
USFWS (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service). (2022). Final recovery plan for the Hay’s spring amphipod (Stygobromus hayi). Northeast Region, Hadley, Massachusetts.
WCMC (World Conservation Monitoring Centre). (1992). Global Biodiversity: Status of the Earth's living resources. London: Chapman & Hall. xx + 594 pp.