Hygrotus artus (Fall, 1919)
Mono Lake diving beetle
Taxonomy & Nomenclature
Synonym/s: Coelambus artus (Fall, 1919)
Conservation Status
Rediscovered in August 2017 (Challet & Fery, 2020)
IUCN RedList status: Extinct
Poor preservation of the holotype, combined with neglect of a second historical locality in the literature, resulted in a belief that the species was an extinct species endemic to Mono Lake. It was rediscovered by Gil Challet in August 2017 after several unsuccessful attempts.
Distribution
Inyo County & Mono County, California, USA
Although the common name suggests that the species is endemic to Mono Lake, it occurs more widely across two counties (Inyo & Mono) (Challet & Fery, 2020).
Biology & Ecology
Hypodigm
Holotype: MCZ* 23892
*Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University
For more recent specimens, see (Challet & Fery, 2020).
Media
References
Original scientific description:
Fall, H. C. (1919). The North American species of Coelambus. John D. Sherman, Jr. Mount Vernon, NY.
Other references:
Anderson, R. D. (1983). Revision of the Nearctic species of Hygrotus groups IV, V and VI (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 76(2): 173-196.
Anderson, R. D. (1985). Proposed faunal affinities of the Great Basin Dytiscidae (Coleoptera). Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 137(1): 12-21.
Anonymous. (2020). A register of extinct beetles. Latissimus 45: 26-28.
Baillie, J. and Groombridge, B. (eds). (1996). 1996 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals. pp. 378. International Union for Conservation of Nature, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK.
Brues, C. T. (1932). Further studies on the fauna of North American hot springs. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 67: 185-303.
Challet, Gil and Fery, Hans. (2020). Rediscovery of Hygrotus (Leptolambus) artus (FALL, 1919), description of Hygrotus (L.) yellowstone nov.sp. and notes on other species of the genus (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae, Hydroporinae, Hygrotini). Linzer biol. Beitr. 52(1): 37-79.
Evans, A. V. and Hogue, J. N. (2006). Field Guide to Beetles of California. University of California Press.
Groombridge, B. (ed.). (1994). 1994 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK.
IUCN. (1990). IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK.
Larson, D. J., Alarie, Y. and Roughley, R. E. (2000). Predaceous diving beetles (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae) of the Nearctic Region, with emphasis on the fauna of Canada and Alaska. Ottawa: National Research Council of Canada Monograph Publishing Program. [suggested H. artus as synonymous with H. sharpi]
NatureServe. (2011). NatureServe Explorer: An online encyclopedia of life [web application]. Version 7.1. NatureServe, Arlington, Virginia. Available http://www.natureserve.org/explorer (Accessed: September 18, 2011).
World Conservation Monitoring Centre. (1996a). Hygrotus artus. In: IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2. (http://www.iucnredlist.org). Downloaded on 06 February 2013.
World Conservation Monitoring Centre. (1996b). Hygrotus artus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 1996: e.T10345A3195883. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T10345A3195883.en. Downloaded on 01 August 2020.