Alasmidonta robusta Clarke, 1981

Carolina elktoe

Taxonomy & Nomenclature

Conservation Status

Extinct

Last record: 1800's

IUCN RedList status: Extinct

Only known from the original collection of five dried shells. However, the Carolina elktoe may have been rediscovered:

"Alasmidonta robusta Clarke, 1981, was considered extinct until North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) biologists recently identified a possible specimen in Poison Fork, Montgomery County (J. Alderman, personal communication)." (Bogan et al. 2008:8)

Distribution

Long Creek, Mecklenburg County, North Carolina, USA

Biology & Ecology

Hypodigm

Only known from the original collection of five dried shells.

Media

References

Original scientific description:

Clarke, A. H. (1981). The tribe Alasmidontini (Unionidae: Anodontinae), Part I. Pegias, Alasmidonta, and Arcidens. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology. No. 326. iii + 101 pp.

Other references:

Baillie, J. and Groombridge, B. (eds). 1996. 1996 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals. pp. 378. International Union for Conservation of Nature, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK.

Bogan, A.E 2000. Alasmidonta robusta. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.1. (http://www.iucnredlist.org). Downloaded on 06 July 2011.

Bogan, A.E. (Mollusc Specialist Group). 2000. Alasmidonta robusta. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2000: e.T777A13078018. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2000.RLTS.T777A13078018.en. Accessed on 02 July 2022.

Arthur E. Bogan, Yanyan Huang, Morgan Raley and Jay F. Levine. (2008). Final Report: Intraspecific phylogenetic relationships in the freshwater bivalve genus Alasmidonta (Bivalvia: Unionidae). Submitted To: North Carolina Department of Transportation.

Cowie, Robert H., Régnier, Claire, Fontaine, Benoît, and Bouchet, Philippe. (2017). Measuring the Sixth Extinction: what do mollusks tell us? The Nautilus 131(1): 3-41.

Graf, Daniel L. and Cummings, Kevin S. (2021). A ‘big data’ approach to global freshwater mussel diversity (Bivalvia: Unionoida), with an updated checklist of genera and species. Journal of Molluscan Studies 87(1): eyaa034.

Groombridge, B. (ed.). 1994. 1994 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK.

Hilton-Taylor, C. 2000. 2000 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK.

IUCN. 1990. IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK.

Régnier, Claire, Fontaine, Benoît and Bouchet, Philippe. (2009). Not Knowing, Not Recording, Not Listing: Numerous Unnoticed Mollusk Extinctions. Conservation Biology 23(5): 1214-1221.

Williams, James D., Bogan, Arthur E., Butler, Robert S., Cummings, Kevin S., Garner, Jeffrey T., Harris, John L., Johnson, Nathan A. and Watters, G. Thomas. (2017). A revised list of the freshwater mussels (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Unionida) of the United States and Canada. Freshwater Mollusk Biology and Conservation 20: 33-58.

https://extinctanimals.proboards.com/thread/6863/alasmidonta-robusta-carolina-elktoe

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