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Pseudunio auricularius (Spengler, 1793)

Spengler's freshwater mussel, Giant freshwater pearl mussel, Almeja de río, Margaritona, Náyade auriculada, Perla de río, Nàiade auriculada

 

 

Taxonomy & Nomenclature

Synonyms: Unio auricularius Spengler, 1793; Margaritana auricularia (Spengler, 1793); Margaritifera (Pseudunio) auricularia (Spengler, 1793); Margaritifera auricularia (Spengler, 1793); Unio sinuatus Lamarck, 1819; Margaritana sinuata (Lamarck, 1819); Unio dubocquii Coquand, 1854; Unio dubocqui Coquand, 1854 [orth. error]; Unio pachyodon Ludwig, 1863; Margaritana redomica Pallary, 1923; Margaritana dernaica Pallary, 1928; Margaritana dernaica var. ponderosa Pallary, 1928

 

See Graf & Cummings (2025) for a more complete taxonomic history.

 

Conservation Status

Last record: 1952 (France) (Moolenbeek, 2000:132 fide Nienhuis, 2003:67) or later

Rediscovered in: 1985 (Spain) (Altaba, 1990); 1985 (fresh specimen) (France) (Nesemann & Nagel, 1989); 1998 (France) (Nienhuis, 2003:67)

IUCN RedList status: Critically Endangered

 

Distribution & Habitat

France, Germany (extinct), Italy (extinct) & Spain

 

Recorded from Italy by (Araujo & Ramos, 2000a:53).

 

Biology & Ecology

 

 

Hypodigm

 

 

Media

 

 

References

Original scientific description:

Spengler L. (1793). Beskrivelse over et nyt Slægt af de toskallede Konchylier, forhen af mig kaldet Chæna, saa og over det Linnéiske Slægt Mya, hvilket nøiere bestemmes, og inddeles i tvende Slægter. Skrivter af Naturhistorie-Selskabet. 3(1): 16-69, pl. 2.

 

Other references:

Altaba, C. R. (1990). The last known population of the freshwater mussel Margaritifera auricularia (Bivalvia, Unionoida): a conservation priority. Biological Conservation 52: 271-286.

Altaba, C. R. (1991a). Les nàiades (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Unionoida) dels Països Catalans. Butlletí de la Institució Catalana de Historia Natural 60 (Secció Zoologí 9): 23-44.

Altaba, C. R. (1991b). La distribució geogràfica i ecològica dels bivalves d'aigua dolça recents dels Països Catalans. Butlletí de la Institució Catalana de Historia Natural 60 (Secció Zoologí 9): 77-103.

Altaba, C. R. (1997). Al limit de l'extinció: Margaritifera auricularia (Bivalvia: Unionoida). Butlletí de la Institució Catalana de Historia Natural 65: 137-148.

Altaba, C. R. and M. A. Lopez, (2001). Experimental demonstration of viability for the endangered giant pearlmussel Margaritifera auricularia (Bivalvia: Unionoida) in its natural habitat. Bolleti de la Societat d’Historia Natural de les Baleares 44: 15-21.

Andrés, D. and Ortuño, A. (2014). Margaritifera auricularia (Spengler, 1793): primeras evidencias sobre el antiguo cuaternario de Yecla (Murcia). Athene 24: 21-37.

Araujo, R. (2012). Margaritifera auricularia. In VV.AA., Bases ecológicas preliminares para la conservación de las especies de interés comunitario en España: Invertebrados. Ministerio de Agricultura, Alimentación y Medio Ambiente. Madrid: 54 pp.

Araujo, R. and Moreno, R. (1999). Former Iberian distribution of Margaritifera auricularia (Spengler) (Bivalvia: Margaritiferidae). Iberus 17(1): 127-136.

Araujo, R. and Ramos, M. A. (1996a). La última población viva de Margaritifera auricularia (Spengler, 1793). Libro de resúmenes XI Congreso Nacional de Malacología, Almería, September, 1996, pp. 18-19.

Araujo, R. and Ramos, M. A. (1996b). Margaritifera auricularia re-discovered in Spain: observations on a relict population. Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats. Conservation, Management & Restoration of habitats for invertebrates: enhancing biological diversity, Killarney (Ireland), 27-28 May.

Araujo, R. and Ramos, M. A. (1998a). Margaritifera auricularia (Unionoidea, Margaritiferidae), the giant freshwater pearl mussel rediscovered in Spain. Graellsia 54: 129-130.

Araujo, R. and Ramos, M. A. (1998b). Description of the glochidium of Margaritifera auricularia (Spengler, 1793) (Bivalvia, Unionidae). Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B 353: 1553-1559.

Araujo, R. and Ramos, M. A. (2000a). A critical revision of the historical distribution of the endangered Margaritifera auricularia (Spengler, 1782) (Mollusca: Margaritiferidae) based on Museum specimens. Journal of Conchology 37: 49-59.

Araujo, R. and Ramos, M. A. (2000b). Status and conservation of the relict giant European freshwater pearl mussel Margaritifera auricularia (Spengler, 1793). Biological Conservation 96: 233-239.

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Araujo, R., Quirós, M. and Ramos, M. A. (2003). Laboratory propagation and culturing of juveniles of the endangered freshwater mussel Margaritifera auricularia (Spengler, 1793). Journal of Conchology 38: 53-60.

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https://extinctanimals.proboards.com/thread/23089/margaritifera-auricularia

 

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