Cyanea superba superba (Cham.) A.Gray (1861:149)
Superb cyanea, Mt. Kaala cyanea
Taxonomy & Nomenclature
Synonyms: Lobelia superba Cham. in Linnaea 8: 223 (1833); Macrochilus superbus (Cham.) C.Presl in Prodr. Monogr. Lobel.: 47 (1836); Delissea superba (Cham.) H.St.John in Phytologia 63: 89 (1987); Cyanea superba var. velutina Rock in Monogr. Stud. Haw. Lobelioid.: 157 (1919); Delissea superba var. velutina (Rock) H.St.John in Phytologia 63: 89 (1987)
Conservation Status
Possibly Extinct in the Wild (Wood et al., 2019) or Extinct in the Wild (Bruegmann & Caraway, 2003; Christenhusz & Govaerts, 2024)
Last record: 1970's (Christenhusz & Govaerts, 2024); c.2000 (Bruegmann & Caraway, 2003); 2003 (Wood et al., 2019)
Distribution
Oahu, Hawaiian Islands, USA
Biology & Ecology
Hypodigm
Media
References
Adamski, Daniel J. et al. (2020). Reintroduction approaches and challenges for Cyanea superba (Cham.) A. Gray subsp. superba. Journal for Nature Conservation. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnc.2020.125873 [Abstract]
Bruegmann, M. M. and Caraway, V. (2003). Cyanea superba ssp. superba. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2003: e.T34028A9831698. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2003.RLTS.T34028A9831698.en. Downloaded on 18 November 2016.
Christenhusz, Maarten J. M. and Govaerts, Rafaël. (2024). Plant extinction in the Anthropocene. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boae045 [Appendix S1]
Dalrymple, S. E., Abeli, T., Ewen, J. G., Gilbert, T. C., Hogg, C. J., Lloyd, N. A., Moehrenschlager, A., Rodríguez, J. P. and Smith, D. (2023). Addressing Threats and Ecosystem Intactness to Enable Action for Extinct in the Wild Species. Diversity 15: 268. https://doi.org/10.3390/d15020268
Govaerts, R. H. A. (2011). World checklist of selected plant families published update Facilitated by the Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
NatureServe. (2024). NatureServe Network Biodiversity Location Data accessed through NatureServe Explorer [web application]. NatureServe, Arlington, Virginia. Available at: https://explorer.natureserve.org/ [Accessed 8 September 2024]
Oldfield, Sara, Lusty, Charlotte and MacKinven, Amy (compilers). (1998). The World List of Threatened Trees. Cambridge, U.K.: World Conservation Press. 650 pp.
POWO. (2024). Plants of the World Online (online resource). Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom. Available at: https://powo.science.kew.org/ [Accessed 8 September 2024]
Smith, Donal et al. (2023). Extinct in the wild: The precarious state of Earth’s most threatened group of species. Science 379(6634): eadd2889. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.add2889
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. (2003). Rare plant database. Unpublished.
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Pacific Region. (1997). Draft recovery plan for Oahu plants. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Portland, Oregon.
Wagner, Warren L., Bruegmann, Marie M., Herbst, Derral M. and Lau, Joel Q. C. (1999). Hawaiian Vascular Plants at Risk: 1999. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers 60: 1-58.
Wagner, Warren L., Herbst, D. R. and Sohmer, S. H. (1990). Manual of the flowering plants of Hawaii. Univ. Hawaii Press and Bishop Museum Press, Honolulu. 1853 pp.
Wagner, W., Herbst, D. and Sohmer S. (1999). Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawaii. Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum Special Publication 91: 1-1918.
Wood, Kenneth R., Oppenheimer, Hank and Keir, Matthew. (2019). A checklist of endemic Hawaiian vascular plant taxa that are considered possibly extinct in the wild. National Tropical Botanical Garden, Technical Report #314.
http://www.pepphi.org/uploads/2/5/4/7/25478598/pep_list_20180410.pdf
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