Gazella saudiya Carruthers & Schwarz, 1935:155

Saudi gazelle, Saudi Arabian dorcas gazelle

Taxonomy & Nomenclature

Synonym/s: Gazella dorcas saudiya Carruthers & Schwarz, 1935:155

The Saudi gazelle has not been seen for many years, and specimens in captivity originally thought to be G. saudiya have proved to be other species, including hybrids of separate species (not including G. saudiya).

Conservation Status

Extinct

Last record: 1936 (Fisher & Blomberg, 2012); 1946; 1970 (Mallon et al., 2023:9)

IUCN RedList status: Extinct

Distribution

Jordan (prehistoric), Kuwait (isolated report), Saudi Arabia & Yemen

Biology & Ecology

Hypodigm

18 specimens are in the Natural History Museum, London (NHM):

NHM35.2.2.1

NHM40.299

NHM40.301 to 315

Note: For a fuller account see (Hammond et. al. 2001, Table 1 and p.1128)

Media

References

Original scientific description:

Carruthers, D. and Schwarz, E. (1935). On a new gazelle from central Arabia. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1935: 155-156.

Other references:

Al-Robaae, K. (1996). The antelops [sic] (gazelles and oryx) in Iraq. Unpublished report, Natural History Museum, University of Basrah.

Anonymous. (1964). A preliminary list of rare mammals including those believed to be rare but concerning which detailed information is still lacking. IUCN Bulletin 11(Special Supplement): 4 pp.

Bininda-Emonds, O.R.P., Cardillo, M., Jones, K.E., MacPhee, R.D.E., Beck, R.M.D., Grenyer, R., Price, S.A., Vos, R.A., Gittleman, J.L. & Purvis, A. 2007 The delayed rise of present-day mammals. Nature 446, 507-512.

Dunham, K. M., Williamson, D. T. and Joubert, E. (2001). Saudi Arabia. In: D. P. Mallon and S. C. Kingswood (eds), Antelopes. Part 4: North Africa, the Middle East, and Asia. Global Survey and Regional Action Plans., pp. 55-62. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland.

Fisher, Diana O. and Blomberg, Simon P. (2012). Inferring Extinction of Mammals from Sighting Records, Threats, and Biological Traits. Conservation Biology 26(1): 57-67. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2011.01797.x

Groves, Colin P. (1988). A catalogue of the genus Gazella, pp. 193-198. In: Dixon, A. and Jones, D. (eds.). Conservation and biology of desert antelopes. London: Christopher Helm. 238 pp.

Grubb, P. 2005. Artiodactyla. In: D.E. Wilson & D.M. Reeder (ed.), Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed), pp. 637-722. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA.

Habibi K., Williamson D., 1997. Conservation and management of Arabian gazelles. In: Habibi K., Abu-Zinada A., Nader I. (Eds.). The gazelles of Arabia. National Commission for Wildlife Conservation and Development, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, pp. 231-241.

Hammond, R. L., Macasero, W., Flores, B., Mohammed, O,B., Wacher, T. and Bruford, M. W. (2001). Phylogenetic reanalysis of the Saudi gazelle and its implications for conservation. Conservation Biology 15(4): 1123-1133.

Harrison, D. L. and Bates, P. J. J. (1991). The mammals of Arabia, Second edition. Harrison Zoological Museum, Sevenoaks, England.

IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group. (2008). Gazella saudiya. In: IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2. (http://www.iucnredlist.org). Downloaded on 08 December 2012.

IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group. 2016. Gazella saudiya. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T8980A50187890. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T8980A50187890.en. Accessed on 19 June 2022.

Jones, K.E. et al. 2009 PanTHERIA: A species-level database of life-history, ecology and geography of extant and recently extinct mammals. Ecology 90: 2648.

Joslin, Paul and Maryanka, Daphne. (1968). Endangered Mammals of the World: Report on Status and Action Treatment. IUCN Publications, New Series, Supplementary Paper No. 13: 34 pp.

Kumamoto, A. T., Kingswood, S. C., Rebholz, W. E. R. and Houck, M. L. (1995). The chromosomes of Gazella bennetti and Gazella saudiya. Zeitschrift für Säugetierkunde 60: 159-169.

Lee, T. E., Fisher, D. O., Blomberg, S. P. and Wintle, B. A. (2017). Extinct or still out there? Disentangling influences on extinction and rediscovery helps to clarify the fate of species on the edge. Global Change Biology 23(2): 621-634. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13421

Lerp, H., Wronski, T., Pfenninger, M. and Plath, M. (2011). A phylogeographic framework for the conservation of Saharan and Arabian dorcas gazelles (Artiodactyla: Bovidae). Org. Divers. Evol. 11(4): 317-329.

Mallon, David P., Hilton-Taylor, Craig, Amori, Giovanni, Baldwin, Robert, Bradshaw, Peter L. and Budd, Kevin. (2023). The conservation status and distribution of the mammals of the Arabian Peninsula. The
conservation status and distribution of the mammals of the Arabian Peninsula. Gland, Switzerland: IUCN and Sharjah, United Arab Emirates: Environment and Protected Areas Authority. viii + 152 pp. https://doi.org/10.2305/WBGQ3886

Mallon, D. P., and S. C. Kingswood. 2001. Antelopes. Global survey and regional action plans. Part 4: North Africa, the Middle East, and Asia. I.U.C.N., Gland, Switzerland, 260 pp.

Rebholz, W. E. R. and Harley, E. H. 1997. Cytochrome b Sequences from the Endangered Saudi Gazelle (Gazella saudiya) Suggest Hybridization with Chinkara (G. bennetti). Conservation Biology 11(1): 251-255.

Rebholz, W. E. R., Williamson, D. and Rietkerk, F. (1991). Saudi Gazelle (Gazella saudiya) Is Not a Subspecies of Dorcas Gazelle. Zoo Biology 10: 485-489.

Scott, Peter (ed.). (1965). Preliminary List of Rare Mammals and Birds, pp. 155-237. In: The Launching of a New Ark. First Report of the President and Trustees of the World Wildlife Fund. An International Foundation for saving the world's wildlife and wild places 1961-1964. London: Collins.

Thouless C.R., Grainger J.G., Shobrak M., Habibi K., 1991. Conservation status of gazelles in Saudi Arabia. Biol. Conserv. 58(1): 85-98.

Turvey, Samuel T. and Fritz, Susanne A. (2011). The ghosts of mammals past: biological and geographical patterns of global mammalian extinction across the Holocene. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B 366(1577): 2564-2576. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2011.0020 [Supplementary Information]

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