Capra pyrenaica pyrenaica Schinz, 1838:9
Pyrenean Ibex, Bucardo, Pyrenean wild goat
Taxonomy & Nomenclature
Conservation Status
Extinct
Last record: 6 January 2000
IUCN status: Extinct
Celia, a 13-year old female, was the last living member of this species, just making it into the new millennium. She was sadly found dead, killed by a falling tree, on 6 January 2000. The exact reasons for the decline, and extinction, of this subspecies are unknown. However, competition with the chamois may have been a contributing factor (Herrero & Perez, 2008).
Distribution
Pyrénées Mountains, Europe
Biology & Ecology
Hypodigm
Ward (1892:183) lists 11 pairs of antlers, presumably all of this subspecies as opposed to some being from C. p. lusitanica given the localities from which they were apparently taken.
Media
References
Original scientific description:
N. Denkschr. Schneiz. Ges. Natur. Wiss. vol.2 p.9.
Other references:
Anonymous. (2000). Getting the goat: falling tree kills last Pyrenean ibex. Fortean Times 136: 20.
Cabral, M.J., Almeida, J., Almeida, P.R., Dellinger, T., Ferrand de Almeida, N., Oliveira, M. E., Palmeirim, J.M., Queiroz, A.I., Rogado, L. and Santos-Reis, M. (eds). 2005. Livro Vermelho dos Vertebrados de Portugal. Instituto da Conservação da Natureza, Lisboa.
Clouet, M. (1979). Note sur la systématique du bouquetin d'Espagne. Bulletin de la Societé d'Histoire Naturelle de Toulouse 115: 269-277.
Couturier, M. A. J. (1962). Le bouquetin des Alpes Capra aegagrus ibex ibex L. Published by the author, Grenoble, 1565 pp.
Day, David. (1981). The Doomsday Book of Animals: A Natural History of Vanished Species. New York, N.Y.: The Viking Press.
Fernández-Arias, A. (1991). Técnicas de reproducción asistida y su aplicación en la estrategia de conservación del bucardo. Seminario sobre especies protegidas. Universidad Menedez Pelayo. Cuenca.
J. Folch, M.J. Cocero, P. Chesné, J.L. Alabart, V. Domínguez, Y. Cognié, A. Roche, A. Fernández-Árias, J.I. Martí, P. Sánchez, E. Echegoyen, J.F. Beckers, A. Sánchez Bonastre, X. Vignon. (2009). First birth of an animal from an extinct subspecies (Capra pyrenaica pyrenaica) by cloning. Theriogenology 71(6): 1026-1034.
Fontaine, B., Bouchet, P., Van Achterberg, K., Alonso-Zarazaga, M.A., Araujo, R., Asche, M., Aspöck, U. Audisio, P., Aukema, B., Bailly, N., Balsamo, M., Bank, R.A., Barnard, P., Belfiore, C., Bogdanowicz, W., Bongers, T., Boxshall, G., Burckhardt, D., Camicas, J.-L., Chylarecki, P., Crucitti, P., Deharveng,L., Dubois, A., Enghoff, H., Faubel, A., Fochetti, R., Gargominy, O., Gibson, D., Gibson, R., Soledad Gómez López, M., Goujet, D., Harvey, M.S., Heller, K.-G., Van Helsdingen, P., Hoch, H., De Jong, H., De Jong, Y., Karsholt, O., Los, W., Lundqvist, L., Magowski, W., Manconi, R., Martens, J. Massard, J.A., Massard-Geimer, G., Mcinnes, S.J., Mendes, L.F., Mey, E., Michelsen, V., Minelli, A., Nielsen, C., Nieto Nafría, J.M., Van Nieukerken, E.J., Noyes, J., Pape, T., Pohl, H., De Prins, W., Ramos, M., Ricci, C., Roselaar, C., Rota, E., Schmidt-Rhaesa, A., Segers, H., Zur Strassen, R., Szeptycki, A., Thibaud, J.-M., Thomas, A., Timm, T., Van Tol, J., Vervoort, W. and Willmann, R. (2007). The European Union’s 2010 target: Putting rare species in focus. Biological Conservation 139(1-2): 167-185. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2007.06.012
Forcina, Giovanni et al. (2021). Demography reveals populational expansion of a recently extinct Iberian ungulate. Zoosystematics and Evolution 97(1): 211-221.
García-González, Ricardo. (2012). New Holocene Capra pyrenaica (Mammalia, Artiodactyla, Bovidae) skulls from the southern Pyrénées. Comptes Rendus Palevol 11(4): 241-249. [Abstract]
García-González, Ricardo and Herrero, J. (1999). El Burcardo De Los Pirineos: Historia De Una Extinción. Galemys 11(1): 17-26.
García–González, R., Herrero, J., Nores, C. (2021). The names of southwestern European goats: is Iberian ibex the best common name for Capra pyrenaica? Animal Biodiversity and Conservation 44(1): 1-16. https://doi.org/10.32800/abc.2021.44.0001
García-González, Ricardo and Margalida, Antoni. (2014). The Arguments against Cloning the Pyrenean Wild Goat. Conservation Biology. DOI: 10.1111/cobi.12396
Goodwin, Harry A. and Goodwin, J. M. (1973). List of mammals which have become extinct or are possibly extinct since 1600. Int. Union Conserv. Nat. Occas. Pap. 8: 1-20.
GRANADOS, J. E., J. M. PÉREZ, C. SORIGUER, P. FANDÓS E I. RUIZ-MARTÍNEZ (1997). On the biometry of the Spanish ibex, Capra pyrenaica, from Sierra Nevada (Southern Spain). Folia Zoologica 46: 9-14.
Herrero, J. & Pérez, J. M. (2008a). Capra pyrenaica. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.1. (http://www.iucnredlist.org). Downloaded on 27 June 2011. [previous assessment, archived]
Herrero, J. & Pérez, J. M. (2008b). Capra pyrenaica . The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2008: e.T3798A10085397. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T3798A10085397.en. Downloaded on 12 December 2019.
HIDALGO, R. Y R. GARCÍA-GONZÁLEZ (1995). Remnant Pyrenean wild goat population in Ordesa and Monte Perdido National Park, Pyrénées (Spain). Caprinae News IUCN 8/9: 9-13.
HIDALGO, R. Y J. GUIRAL (1995). The Pyrenean Wild Goat Recovery Plan. Caprinae News IUCN 8/9: 18-20.
Holmes, Branden. (2021). What's Lost and What Remains: The Sixth Extinction in 100 Accounts (eBook). Self published.
Jiménez N, Folch J, Fernández-Arias A, Guiral J, Sánchez A (1999) Estudio genético mediante marcadores microsatélites de las poblaciones de cabra montés. ITEA, Vol. Extra 20: 300-302.
Kupferschmidt, Kai. (2014). Can Cloning Revive Spain's Extinct Mountain Goat? Science 344(6180): 137-138. [Abstract]
Luigi-Sierra, M. G. et al. (2019). Introgression with domestic goats has expanded the genetic variability of the Spanish ibex, pp. 186. ISAG 2019 Abstract Book.
Manceau, V., J.-P. Crampe, P. Boursot, and P. Taberlet. (1999). Identification of evolutionary significant units in the Spanish wild goat, Capra pyrenaica (Mammalia, Artiodactyla). Animal Conservation 2: 33-39.
Pérez, J. M., Granados, J. E., Soriguer, R. C., Fandos, P., Márquez, P. and Crampe, J. P. 2002. Distribution, status and conservation problems of the Spanish ibex, Capra pyrenaica (Mammalia: Artiodactyla). Mammal Review 32: 26-39.
Piña-Aguilar, Raul E., Lopez-Saucedo, Janet, Sheffield, Richard, Ruiz-Galaz, Lilia I., Barroso-Padilla, Jose de J. and Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez, Antonio. (2009). Revival of extinct species using nuclear transfer: hope for the mammoth, true for the Pyrenean ibex, but is it time for "conservation cloning"? Cloning Stem Cells 11(3): 341-346. [Abstract]
Pyne, Lydia. (2022). Endlings: Fables for the Anthropocene. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
Renker, Carsten, Henrich, Bettina and Hildebrand, Uwe. (2018). MAINZ: The Zoological Collections of the Mainz Natural History Museum/State Collection of Natural History of Rhineland Palatinate, pp. 519-528. In: Beck, Lothar A. (ed.). Zoological Collections of Germany: The Animal Kingdom in its Amazing Plenty at Museums and Universities. Springer Cham. xxxii + 729 pp.
Sauqué, Víctor et al. (In Press, 2017). Los Batanes: A trap for the Pyrenean wild goat during the Late Pleistocene (Spain). Quaternary International. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2017.09.011 [Abstract]
Searle, Adam. (2021). Spectral ecologies: De/extinction in the Pyrenees. Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers.
Searle, Adam. (2022). Exhibiting Extinction, Recovering Memory, and Contesting Uncertain Futures in the Museum. Museum & Society 20(1): 13-32. [contains several historical photos]
SEIJAS, J. M. (1995). Seguimiento de la población de bucardo (Capra pyrenaica pyrenaica) en el Parque Nacional de Ordesa y Monte Perdido Informe inédito. PNOMP. Huesca.
SEIJAS, J. M. (1998). Seguimiento y captura de la población de bucardo en el Parque Nacional de Ordesa y Monte Perdido Informe inédito. PNOMP. Huesca. 65 pp + 2 Anexos.
SEIJAS, J. M. (1999). Programa de captura del bucardo en el Parque Nacional de Ordesa y Monte Perdido Informe inédito. PNOMP. Zaragoza
Ureña, I. et al. (2018). Unraveling the genetic history of the European wild goats. Quaternary Science Reviews 185: 189-198. [Abstract]
Villalta, M., Folch, J. and Alabart, J. L. (1997). Estudio genético molecular de las poblaciones de cabra montés de la Península ibérica. Programa LIFE – Plan de Recuperación del Bucardo. Informe Final. SIA-DGA, Zaragoza.
Ward, Rowland. (1892). Horn measurements and weights of the great game of the world: being a record for the use of sportsmen and naturalists. London: The Jungle, 264 pp. [p. 183]
Woutersen, Kees. (2012). El Bucardo de los Pirineos. Self published.
Zimmer, Carl. http://tinamitchell.info/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/back-to-life-1.pdf
http://www.sci-news.com/paleontology/article00411.html
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-25052233 [fresh attempts to clone the Bucardo]
http://extinctanimals.proboards.com/thread/7755/capra-pyrenaica-ssp-pyrenean-ibex
http://www.bucardo.es [Kees Woutersen's fantastic website]
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