Riccordia bracei (Lawrence, 1877)
Brace's emerald
Taxonomy & Nomenclature
Synonym/s: Chlorostilbon bracei Lawrence, 1877
Conservation Status
Extinct (WCMC, 1992:211)
Last record: July 1877 (Graves & Olson, 1987; WCMC, 1992:211 [as 1877]; Kittelberger et al., 2024 [as 1877])
IUCN RedList status: Extinct
Known only from the holotype collected on New Providence Island in 1877 (Graves & Olson, 1987).
Distribution & Habitat
New Providence Island, Bahamas
Biology & Ecology
Hypodigm
Media
References
Original scientific description:
Lawrence, G.N. (1877). Descriptions of new species of birds of the families Trochilidae and Tetraonidae. Ann. New York Acad. Sci. 1: 50-52.
Other references:
BirdLife International. (2016). Chlorostilbon bracei. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T22687333A93148138. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22687333A93148138.en. Accessed on 18 June 2022.
Brooks, T. 2000. Extinct species. In: BirdLife International (ed.), Threatened Birds of the World, pp. 701-708. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona and Cambridge, U.K.
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
Faurby, Søren, Matthews, Tom J., Triantis, Kostas A. and Sayol, Ferran. (2026). Quantifying the unrecorded loss of avian phylogenetic diversity. Ecography 2026: e08267. https://doi.org/10.1002/ecog.08267
Graves, Gary R. and, Olson, Storrs L. (1987). Chlorostilbon bracei Lawrence, an extinct species of hummingbird from New Providence Island, Bahamas. The Auk 104: 296-302.
Kittelberger, Kyle D., Tanner, Colby J., Buxton, Amy N., Prewett, Amira and Şekercioğlu, Çağan Hakkı. (2024). Correlates of avian extinction timing around the world since 1500 CE. Avian Research 15: 100213. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avrs.2024.100213 [Supplementary data (List of 216 taxa)]
Matthews, Thomas J., Triantis, Kostas A., Wayman, Joseph P., Martin, Thomas E., Hume, Julian P., Cardoso, Pedro, Faurby, Søren, Mendenhall, Chase D., Dufour, Paul, Rigal, François, Cooke, Rob, Whittaker, Robert J., Pigot, Alex L., Thébaud, Christophe, Jørgensen, Maria Wagner, Benavides, Eva, Soares, Filipa C., Ulrich, Werner, Kubota, Yasuhiro, Sadler, Jon P., Tobias, Joseph A. and Sayol, Ferran. (2024). The global loss of avian functional and phylogenetic diversity from anthropogenic extinctions. Science 386(6717): 55-60. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adk7898 [Supplementary Materials; Dryad dataset; Zenodo codeset]
Matthews, Thomas J., Wayman, Joseph P., Cardoso, Pedro, Sayol, Ferran, Hume, Julian P., Ulrich, Werner, Tobias, Joseph A., Soares, Filipa C., Thébaud, Christophe, Martin, Thomas E. and Triantis, Kostas A. (2022). Threatened and extinct island endemic birds of the world: Distribution, threats and functional diversity. Journal of Biogeography 49(11): 1920-1940. https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.14474 [Appendix S1 (.docx); Appendix S2 (.pdf)]
Olson, Storrs L. and Hilgartner, W. B. (1982). Fossil and subfossil birds from the Bahamas. Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 48: 22-56.
Sayol, Ferran, Steinbauer, Manuel J., Blackburn, Tim M., Antonelli, Alexandre and Faurby, Søren. (2020). Anthropogenic extinctions conceal widespread evolution of flightlessness in birds. Science Advances 6(49): eabb6095. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abb6095 [Supplementary Material (Data File S1)]
Tyrberg, Tommy. (2009). Holocene avian extinctions, pp. 63-106. In: Turvey, Samuel T. (ed.). Holocene Extinctions. Oxford, UK & New York, USA: Oxford University Press. xii + 352 pp.
WCMC (World Conservation Monitoring Centre). (1992). Global Biodiversity: Status of the Earth's living resources. London: Chapman & Hall. xx + 594 pp.