Phyllaplysia smaragda K. B. Clark, 1977
Manatee grass sea hare, Emerald seaslug
Taxonomy & Nomenclature
Conservation Status
Extinct (Carlton, 2023)
Last record: 1981 (Suckling et al., 2004); 1982 (Carlton, 2023)
Distribution
Florida, USA
Biology & Ecology
Hypodigm
Media
References
Original scientific description:
Clark, K. B. (1977). Phyllaplysia smaragda (Opisthobranchia: Notarchidae), a new anaspidean from Florida. Bulletin of Marine Science, 27(4): 651-657.
Other references:
Carlton, James T. (2023). Marine Invertebrate Neoextinctions: An Update and Call for Inventories of Globally Missing Species. Diversity 15(6): 782. https://doi.org/10.3390/d15060782
Carlton, J. T., Geller, J. B., Reaka-Kudla, M. L. and Norse, E. A. (1999). Historical extinctions in the sea. Annual Review of Ecological Systematics 30: 515-538.
Clark, K. B. (1994). Ascoglossan (=Sacoglossa) molluscs in the Florida Keys: rare marine invertebrates at special risk. Bull. Mar. Sci. 54: 900-916.
Clark, K. B. (1995). Rheophilic/oligotrophic lagoonal communities through the eyes of slugs (Mollusca: Opisthobranchia). Bull. Mar. Sci. 57: 242-251.
Culotta, E. (1994). Is marine biodiversity at risk? Science 263: 918-919.
del Monte-Luna, Pablo et al. (2023). A review of recent and future marine extinctions. Cambridge Prisms: Extinction 1: e13. https://doi.org/10.1017/ext.2023.11
Mikkelsen, P. M., Mikkelsen, P. S. and Karlen, D. J. (1995). Molluscan biodiversity in the Indian River Lagoon, Florida. Bull. Mar. Sci. 57: 94-127.
Suckling, Kieran, Slack, Rhiwena and Nowicki, Brian. (2004). Extinct and the Endangered Species Act. Centre For Biological Diversity. 63 pp.
Vermeij, G .J. (1993). Biogeography of recently extinct marine species: implications for conservation. Conservation Biology 7(2): 391-397.