Sanicula kauaiensis H.St.John (1935:8)
Kaua'i sanicle
Taxonomy & Nomenclature
Conservation Status
Missing (Wagner et al., 1999a:15 [as "Ex?"]; Wood et al., 2019:12; NatureServe, 2026) or Extinct (Walsh & Deans, 2016; Albani Rocchetti et al., 2022; Christenhusz & Govaerts, 2025; Wagner et al., 2026:14)
Last record: 1950 (Walsh & Deans, 2016; Wood et al., 2019:12; NatureServe, 2026); 1950's (Christenhusz & Govaerts, 2025)
IUCN RedList status: Extinct
Only known from two collections, in 1911 and 1950 (NatureServe, 2026).
Distribution & Habitat
Kauaʻi, Hawaiian Islands, USA
Biology & Ecology
Hypodigm
Only known from two collections (Walsh & Deans, 2016).
Media
References
Original scientific description:
St. John, H. and Hosaka, E. Y. (1935). Hawaiian Panicum, Metrosideros, Sanicula, Lobelia, and Rollandia. Occas. Pap. Bernice P. Bishop Mus. 11(13): 1-18.
Other references:
Albani Rocchetti, Giulia, Carta, Angelino, Mondoni, Andrea, Godefroid, Sandrine, Davis, Charles C., Caneva, Giulia, Albrecht, Matthew A., Alvarado, Karla, Bijmoer, Roxali, Borosova, Renata, Bräuchler, Christian, Breman, Elinor, Briggs, Marie, Buord, Stephane, Cave, Lynette H., Da Silva, Nílber Gonçalves, Davey, Alexandra H., Davies, Rachael M., Dickie, John B., Fabillo, Melodina, Fleischmann, Andreas, Franks, Andrew, Hall, Geoffrey, Kantvilas, Gintaras, Klak, Cornelia, Liu, Udayangani, Medina, Leopoldo, Reinhammar, Lars Gunnar, Sebola, Ramagwai J., Schönberger, Ines, Sweeney, Patrick, Voglmayr, Hermann, White, Adam, Wieringa, Jan J., Zippel, Elke Zippel and Abeli, Thomas. (2022). Selecting the best candidates for resurrecting extinct-in-the-wild plants from herbaria. Nature Plants 8: 1385-1393. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41477-022-01296-7 [Supplementary Tables S1-S6]
Christenhusz, Maarten J. M. and Govaerts, Rafaël. (2025). Plant extinction in the Anthropocene. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 207(3): 183-196. https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boae045 [Appendix S1]
Kartesz, J. T. (1994). A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
NatureServe. (2026). Sanicula kauaiensis: Kaua'i Sanicle. NatureServe Network Biodiversity Location Data accessed through NatureServe Explorer [web application]. NatureServe, Arlington, Virginia. Available at: https://explorer.natureserve.org/ [Accessed on 19 August 2026]
POWO. (2024). Plants of the World Online (online resource). Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom. Available at: https://powo.science.kew.org/ [Accessed 25 August 2024]
Shan, R. H. and Constance, L. (1951). The genus Sanicula (Umbelliferae) in the Old World and the New. Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 25:1-78.
St. John, H. (1986). Revision of Sanicula (Umbelliferae) in Hawaii. Hawaiian plant studies 104. Botanische Jahrbuecher fuer Systmatik, Pflanzen Geschichte und Pflanzen Geographie 108(1): 51-62.
Wagner, Warren L., Bruegmann, Marie M., Herbst, Derral M. and Lau, Joel Q. C. (1999a). Hawaiian Vascular Plants at Risk: 1999. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers 60: 1-58.
Wagner, Warren L., Herbst, D. R. and Sohmer, S. H. (1990). Manual of the flowering plants of Hawaii. Univ. Hawaii Press and Bishop Museum Press, Honolulu. 1853 pp.
Wagner, Warren L, Herbst, D. and Sohmer S. H. (1999b). Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawaii. Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum Special Publication 91: 1-1918.
Wagner, Warren L., Khan, Nancy R., Lorence, David H., Flynn, Timothy W. and Wood, Kenneth R. (2026). Checklist of native and naturalized Hawaiian vascular plants. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 123: i-xii + 1-96, 3 tables. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.32124043
Walsh, S. and Deans, S. (2016). Sanicula kauaiensis. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T97908360A97908365. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T97908360A97908365.en. Downloaded on 19 November 2016.
Walter, Kerry S. and Gillett, Harriet J. (eds.). (1998). 1997 IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants. Compiled by the World Conservation Monitoring Centre. Gland, Switzerland & Cambridge, UK: IUCN – The World Conservation Union. lxiv + 862 pp.
Wood, Kenneth R., Oppenheimer, Hank and Keir, Matthew. (2019). A checklist of endemic Hawaiian vascular plant taxa that are considered possibly extinct in the wild. National Tropical Botanical Garden, Technical Report #314.