Vorombe titan Andrews, 1894
Taxonomy & Nomenclature
Synonym/s: Aepyornis titan Andrews 1894:18; Aepyornis ingens Milne-Edwards and Grandidier, 1894:124
Conservation Status
Extinct or invalid (synonym) (see Grealy et al., 2023)
Last record: Holocene
Distribution
Madagascar
Biology & Ecology
Hypodigm
Media
References
Original scientific description:
Andrews, C. W. (1894). A new species of Aepyornis (AE. titan). Geol. Mag. 1: 18-20.
Other references:
Chinsamy, Anusuya et al. (2020). Bone histology yields insights into the biology of the extinct elephant birds (Aepyornithidae) from Madagascar. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/blaa013 [Abstract]
Grealy, Alicia et al. (2023). Molecular exploration of fossil eggshell uncovers hidden lineage of giant extinct bird. Nature Communications 14: 914. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-36405-3
Hansford, James P. and Turvey, Samuel T. (2018). Unexpected diversity within the extinct elephant birds (Aves: Aepyornithidae) and a new identity for the world's largest bird. R. Soc. Open Sci. 5: 181295.
Hansford, James P. and Turvey, Samuel T. (2020). Correction to ‘Unexpected diversity within the extinct elephant birds (Aves: Aepyornithidae) and a new identity for the world's largest bird’. R. Soc. Open Sci. 7: 201358. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.201358
Matthews, Thomas J., Wayman, Joseph P., Cardoso, Pedro, Sayol, Ferran, Hume, Julian P., Ulrich, Werner, Tobias, Joseph A., Soares, Filipa C., Thébaud, Christophe, Martin, Thomas E. and Triantis, Kostas A. (2022). Threatened and extinct island endemic birds of the world: Distribution, threats and functional diversity. Journal of Biogeography 49(11): 1920-1940. https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.14474 [Appendix S1 (.docx); Appendix S2 (.pdf)]
Rothschild, Lionel Walter. (1907). Extinct birds: an attempt to write in one volume a short account of those birds which have become extinct in historical times, that is within the last six or seven hundred years: to which are added a few which still exist, but are on the verge of extinction. London: Hutchinson & Co. XXIX + 243 pp. [p. 223-224]
Sayol, Ferran, Steinbauer, Manuel J., Blackburn, Tim M., Antonelli, Alexandre and Faurby, Søren. (2020). Anthropogenic extinctions conceal widespread evolution of flightlessness in birds. Science Advances 6(49): eabb6095. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abb6095 [Supplementary Material (Data File S1)]
Torres, Christopher R. and Clarke, Julia A. (2018). Nocturnal giants: evolution of the sensory ecology in elephant birds and other palaeognaths inferred from digital brain reconstructions. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, Biological Sciences. DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2018.1540 [Abstract]