Spizaetus grinnelli Miller, 1911
Grinnell’s crested eagle
Taxonomy & Nomenclature
Conservation Status
Extinct
Last record: Late Pleistocene
Distribution
USA
Biology & Ecology
Hypodigm
Media
References
Original scientific description:
Miller, L. (1911). A series of eagle tarsi from the Pleistocene of Rancho La Brea. Univ. Calif. Publ. Bull. Depart. Geol. 6: 305-316.
Other references:
Becker, J. J. (1985). A late Pleistocene (Wisconsinanan) avifauna from West Palm Beach, Florida. Bull. Br. Ornithol. Club 105: 37-40.
DeAnda, Erin, Prothero, Donald R. and Marriott, Katherine. (2022). How did Grinnell's hawk-eagle (Spizaetus grinnelli) from La Brea Tar Pits respond to climate change? In: Morgan, Gary S. et al. Late Cenozoic Vertebrates from the American Southwest: A Tribute to Arthur H. Harris. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 88: 155-160.
Emslie, Steven D. (1998). Avian community, climate, and sea-level changes in the Plio-Pleistocene of the Florida Peninsula. Ornithological Monographs, No. 50: iii + 113 pp.
Guthrie, D. A. 2009. An updated catalogue of the birds from the Carpinteria Asphalt, Pleistocene of California. Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences 108(2):52-62.
Hertel, Fritz. (1995). Ecomorphological indicators of feeding behavior in recent and fossil raptors. The Auk 112(4): 890-903.
Howard, H. (1932). Eagles and eagle-like vultures of the Pleistocene of Rancho La Brea. Contrib. Palaeontol. Carnegie Inst. Wash. 429: 1-82.
Jefferson, G. T. (1991). A catalogue of Late Quaternary vertebrates from California. Part one; nonmarine lower vertebrate and avian taxa. Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County Technical Reports 5: 1-60.
Sayol, Ferran, Steinbauer, Manuel J., Blackburn, Tim M., Antonelli, Alexandre and Faurby, Søren. (2020). Anthropogenic extinctions conceal widespread evolution of flightlessness in birds. Science Advances 6(49): eabb6095. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abb6095 [Supplementary Material (Data File S1)]
Stock, Chester and Harris, J. M. (1992). Rancho La Brea: A Record of Pleistocene Life in California. Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Science Series no. 37, 7th ed.: i-xiv + 1-113.
Tyrberg, Tommy. (2008). The Late Pleistocene Continental Avian extinction – an evaluation of the fossil evidence. Oryctos 7: 249-269.